Table 2.
Comparison between deceased and survived patients.
| Deceased (n = 28) | Survived (n = 49) | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Prenatal data | |||
| Side of defect—n (%) - Left CDH - Right CDH - Bilateral CDH |
22 (78.6) 6 (21.4) 0 (0.0) |
39 (79.6) 9 (18.4) 1 (2.0) |
0.856∧ |
| O/E LHR%—mean (SD) - Initial - Final |
28.4 (7.6) 42.1 (13.5) |
40.1 (13.4) 54.2 (15.3) |
<0.001* 0.001* |
| Liver up—n (%) | 28 (100) | 23 (46.9) | <0.001∧ |
| Grading CDH—n (%) - Severe - Moderate - Mild |
19 (67.9) 7 (25.0) 2 (7.1) |
13 (26.5)6 (12.2) 30 (61.2) |
<0.001∧ |
| FETO—n (%) | 16 (57.1) | 12 (24.5) | 0.006* |
| Postnatal data | |||
| Gestational age (weeks)—mean (SD) | 35.6 (2.4) | 37.2 (1.9) | 0.002* |
| Birth weight (g)—mean (SD) | 2437 (438) | 2920 (591) | <0.001* |
| Males—n (%) | 13 (46.4) | 30 (61.2) | 0.239∧ |
| Vaginal delivery—n (%) | 8 (28.6) | 32 (65.3) | 0.002∧ |
| APGAR 1°min—median (IQR) | 4.5 (3–6) | 6 (5–8) | 0.003° |
| APGAR 5°min—median (IQR) | 7 (6–8) | 8 (8–9) | <0.001◦ |
| Surgery—n (%) | 17 (60.7) | 49 (100) | <0.001∧ |
| Day of surgical repair—median (IQR) | 3 (2–4) | 2 (2–3.5) | 0.603◦ |
| Diaphragmatic patch (on operated)—n (%) | 15 (88.2) | 19 (38.8) | 0.001∧ |
| Abdominal patch (on operated)—n (%) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (2.0) | >0.999∧ |
| Mechanical ventilation (days)—median (IQR) | 8 (2–23.5) | 16 (9–20) | 0.036◦ |
| Oxygen (days)—median (IQR) | 7.5 (2–31) | 13 (3–27) | 0.426◦ |
| Nitric oxide (days)—median (IQR) | 8 (2–21) | 9 (0–15) | 0.380◦ |
| Sildenafil (days)—median (IQR) | 7 (2–29.5) | 0 (0–31) | 0.077◦ |
| Length of stay (days)—median (IQR) | 8 (2–31) | 44 (35.5–70.5) | <0.001◦ |
CDH, congenital diaphragmatic hernia; FETO, fetal endoscopic tracheal occlusion; IQR, interquartile range; n, number; O/E LHR, observed/expected lung-to-head ratio; SD, standard deviation.
*
Student's T-Test.
◦
Mann Whitney U-Test.
∧
Fisher Exact Test.