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Working principle of the sensor. The sensor is composed of synthetic DNA strands, two of which are labeled with either a Cy3 or a Cy5 fluorophore. The DNA construct exhibits a relatively steady FRET efficiency in the absence of a target due to averaging of fast transitions among multiple states. However, binding of the target forms a four-way structure resulting in a dynamic switching between a high (FRET1) and a low (FRET2) FRET state. FRET represents FRET efficiency.
