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Results from Experiment 1. (a) There was no effect of CO2-induced anxiety on subjects' sensitivity to instrumental contingency as measured by choice responses, F(3.73, 320.59) = 1.74, p = 0.15. Error bars represent s.e. (b). There was similarly no effect of group on the extent to which causality judgements scaled with instrumental contingency, F(2.99, 256.89) = 0.33, p = 0.81. Error bars represent s.e.
