Table 1.

Characteristics of studies involved in meta-synthesis

No.	Authors	Date	Sample size	Journal	Methods	Data collection	Data analysis
1	McCool et al.24	2009	22	Health Care Women Int	Qualitative	Semi-structured interview form	Content analysis
2	Goldbort et al.7	2011	9	Mcn-Am J Matern-Chil	Phenomenology	Semi-structured interview form	Thematic analysis
3	Halperin et al.18	2011	18	J Midwifery Women’s Health	Qualitative	Semi-structured interview form	Content analysis
4	Beck and Gable1	2012	464	Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs	Mixed method	Semi-structured interview form	Content analysis
5	Lindberg et al.2	2013	8	Br J Midwifery	Qualitative	Semi-structured interview form	Content analysis
6	Rice and Warland6	2013	10	Midwifery	Descriptive qualitative	Semi-structured interview form	Thematic analysis
7	Edqvist et al.12	2014	13	BMC Pregnancy Childbirth	Phenomenology	Semi-structured interview form	Thematic analysis
8	Beck et al.4	2015	473	J Midwifery Womens Health	Mixed method	Semi-structured interview form	Content analysis
9	Calvert and Benn3	2015	16	Int J Childbirth	Narrative science	Semi-structured interview form	Eclectic approach
10	Sheen et al.11	2016	421	Midwifery	Mixed method	Semi-structured interview form	Thematic analysis
11	Schrøder et al.13	2016	1237	Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand	Mixed method	Semi-structured interview form	Thematic analysis
12	Fontein-Kuipers et al.10	2018	106	Eur J Midwifery	Mixed method	Semi-structured interview form	Content analysis
13	Toohill et al.20	2019	199	Women Birth	Mixed method	Semi-structured interview form	Content analysis
14	Patterson et al.22	2019	6	Midwifery	Phenomenology	Semi-structured interview form	Thematic analysis
15	Christoffersen et al.19	2020	33	Midwifery	Qualitative	Semi-structured interview form	Content analysis
16	Nyberg et al.25	2010	15	Sex Reprod Health	Qualitative	Semi-structured interview form	Content analysis
17	Huang et al.26	2019	14	Asian Nurs Res	Qualitative	Semi-structured interview form	Thematic analysis
18	Cankaya et al.23	2020	29	J Eval Clin	Qualitative	Semi-structured interview form	Content analysis