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. 2021 Jul 12;12:675294. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.675294

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Copyright © 2021 Ralph, Lehoux, Ostapska, Snarr, Caffrey-Carr, Fraser, Saleh, Obar, Qureshi and Sheppard

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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IL-1 receptor-deficient neutrophils have impaired antifungal activity. (A) Fungal biomass was measured by calcofluor white staining following 16 hours of co-culture with neutrophils isolated from the bone marrow of the indicated mouse strains. Results represent the mean ± SD of 6 independent experiments, **p ≤ 0.01, (one-way ANOVA test). (B) ROS production of bone marrow isolated neutrophils of the indicated mouse strains stimulated with PMA as measured by CM-H2DCFDA based assay kit. Results represent the mean ± SD of 2 independent experiments (one-way ANOVA test). (C) IL-17 immunohistochemistry staining (brown) of lungs from wild-type and IL-1R1^-/- mice 3 days after infection with A. fumigatus-containing beads. (D) Ex vivo IL-17 production in lungs of the indicated mouse strains infected for 3 days with A. fumigatus beads. Results represent the mean ± SEM of groups of at least 10 mice across 2 experiments, ***p ≤ 0.001, (one-way ANOVA test).