Table 1.
Baseline demographics of the study population
| Characteristics | Total (n = 39) n (%) |
|---|---|
| Mean age (years) | 55 ± 13.2 |
| Sex ratio (M:F) | 1:38 |
| Comorbidities | 28 (71.8) |
| Mean BMI (kg/m2) | 27.9 ± 6.7 |
| Handedness ratio (R:L:BL) | 37:1:1 |
|
Race/ethnicity White British White Irish White and any other white background Asian and any other Asian background Black or black British African Black or black British Caribbean Black or any other black background Mixed: white and black Caribbean Other: any other ethnic group Other: not stated |
9 (23.1) 2 (5.1) 2 (5.1) 3 (7.7) 3 (7.7) 1 (2.6) 1 (2.6) 1 (2.6) 4 (10.3) 13 (33.3) |
| Clinical and pathological characteristics | |
|
Stage of cancer 0 1 2A & B 3A–4 Risk-reducing Benign |
7 (17.9) 11 (28.2) 11 (28.2) 6 (15.4) 1 (2.6) 3 (7.7) |
|
Cancer type DCIS Invasive ductal carcinoma Invasive lobular carcinoma Invasive mucinous carcinoma Invasive micropapillary carcinoma BRCA carrier Benign |
6 (15.4) 23 (59) 4 (10.3) 1 (2.6) 1 (2.6) 1 (2.6) 3 (7.7) |
| Previous breast surgery | 8 (20.5) |
| Patients with drain | 21 (53.8) |
| Drain in situ in axilla/breast (mean days) | 8.6 ± 5.3 |
| Length of stay (days) | 1.7 ± 2.1 |
| Advice about exercise | 39 (100) |
| Compliance with analgesia | 39 (100) |
| Surgical treatment | |
|
Type of breast surgerya Partial mastectomy Mastectomy IBR Implant-based DIEP TUG TRAM |
13 (33.3) 25 (64.1) 12 (30.8) 3 (7.7) 6 (15.4) 1 (2.6) 2 (5.1) |
|
Type of axillary surgery SLNB ALND |
16 (41) 14 (35.9) |
| Operation laterality ratio (R:L:BL) | 22:15:2 |
|
Neoadjuvant therapy Radiotherapy Chemotherapy Hormone therapy |
1 (2.6) 8 (20.5) 6 (15.4) |
|
Adjuvant therapy whilst wearing WAMs Radiotherapy Chemotherapy Hormone therapy |
0 0 8 (20.5) |
BMI, body mass index; R, right; L, left, BL, bilateral; DCIS, ductal carcinoma in situ; IBR, immediate breast reconstruction; DIEP, deep inferior epigastric perforators; TUG, transverse upper gracilis; TRAM, transverse rectus abdominus muscle; SLNB, sentinel lymph node biopsy; ALND, axillary lymph node dissection; WAMs, wearable activity monitors
Means presented with standard deviations, and numbers presented with a whole number percentage of the total population.
aTotal percentages (%) will not equal 100 because the patients will have a combination of different breast surgeries. The patients who had immediate breast reconstruction surgery also would have a mastectomy.