Table 1.
Description of Pharmacogenetic Tests
| Test | Manufacturer | Eligibility | Genes | Medications |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GeneSight Psychotropic57 | Assurex Health, Inc, Mason, OH, USA | Patients with depression |
56 alleles and variants across 12 genes: 8 Pharmacokinetic genes: CYP2D6, CYP2C19, CYP2C9, CYP3A4, CYP2B6, CYP1A2, UGT1A4, UGT2B15 4 Pharmacodynamic genes: SLC6A4, HTR2A, HLA-A*3101, HLA-B*1502 |
57 psychotropic medications |
| Genecept Assay58 | Dynacare, Inc, Brampton, Ontario, Canada | Patients with psychiatric and medical morbidities, patients with suboptimal response, patients with polypharmacy, and patients with medication adherence issues |
18 genes: 6 Pharmacokinetic genes: CYP2C19, CYP2C9, CYP2D6, CYP2B6, CYP1A2, CYP3A4/5 12 Pharmacodynamic genes: SLC6A4, CACNA1C, ANK3, 5HT2C, MC4R, DRD2, COMT, ADRA2A, MTHFR, BDNF, OPRM1, GRIK1 |
Not specified |
| CNSDose59 | CNSDose, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia | Patients with psychiatric disorders, patients with general medical conditions, patients with polypharmacy, and patients with depression and co-occurring conditions |
Liver and brain genes: ABCB1, ABCC1, CYP2C19, CYP2D6, UGT1A1 |
Antipsychotics, anxiolytics, mood stabilizers, hypnotics, ADHD, Alzheimer’s, cardiology, endocrinology, pain medicines, gastroenterology medicines |
| Neuropharmagen60 | AB-Biotics SA, Barcelona, Spain | Patients with psychiatric disorders |
25 genes: 10 Pharmacokinetic genes: CYP2C19, CYP2C9, CYP2D6, CYP2B6, CYP1A2, CYP3A4, ABCB1, CES1, EPHX1, UGT2B15 15 Pharmacodynamic genes: SLC6A4, COMT, BDNF, OPRM1, GRIK2, GRIK4, AKT1, AL157359, DDIT4, FCHSD1, HLA-A, HTR2A, HTR2C, LPHN3, RPTOR |
59 psychotropic medications |
| Amplichip CYP450 Test61 | Roche Molecular Systems, Basel, Switzerland | Patients receiving CYP2D6 and CYP2C19 substrates | 2 Pharmacokinetic genes: CYP2D6, CYP2C19 |
CYP2D6 and CYP2C19 substrates |
| NeuroIDgenetix62 | AltheaDx, Inc, San Diego, CA, USA | Patients with depression and anxiety |
10 genes: 6 Pharmacokinetic genes: CYP1A2, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, CYP2D6, CYP3A4, CYP3A5 4 Pharmacodynamic genes: SLC6A4, COMT, HTR2A, MTHFR |
Approx. 40 psychotropic medications |
| GeneLex63 | GeneLex, Seattle, WA, USA | Patients with depression, patients with epilepsy, patients with general medical conditions, patients with cancer, and patients with polypharmacy |
25 genes: 8 Pharmacokinetic genes: CYP2C9, CYP2C19, CYP2D6, CYP3A4/CYP3A5, CYP1A2, CYP2B6, CYP4F2 17 Pharmacodynamic genes: ADRA2A, COMT, DPYD, Factor II–Factor V, Leiden, GRIK4, HLA-A or HLA-B, HTR2A, HTR2C, IFNL3, MTHFR, NAT2, OPRM1, SLCO1B1, TPMT, UGT1A1 |
Not specified |
| HILOmet64 | Rennova Health, Inc, West Palm Beach, FL, USA | Patients with treatment resistance or drug intolerance to neuropsychiatric or cardiometabolic drugs |
3 Pharmacokinetic genes: CYP2D6, CYP2C9, CYP2C19 |
Not specified |
| Pillcheck65 | GeneYouIn Inc, North York, Canada | Patients with psychiatric disorders, patients with cardiovascular and gastroenterology medical conditions, patients taking analgesics, refractory patients, patients undergoing surgery and who will be prescribed analgesics during recovery, patients starting treatment for chronic conditions |
19 genes: 8 Pharmacokinetic genes: CYP2D6, CYP2C19, CYP2C9, CYP3A4/A5, CYP1A2, CYP2C8, CYP2B6 11 Pharmacodynamic genes: OPRM1, SLCO1B1, VKORC1, DPYD, F2, F5, IFNL3, TPMT, UGT1A1, UGT2B15, ADRB2 |
205 medications |