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. 2021 Jul 14;19(7):e3001326. doi: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3001326

Fig 2. Betalains can be produced in Medicago truncatula roots as a response to AM fungi colonisation.

Fig 2

(a) Schematic of the multigene vectors constructed for inducible betalain expression in M. truncatula roots where only the first gene of the betalain biosynthesis pathway is controlled by AM symbiosis–specific promoters. Expression of MtPT4-p1 (b, e, and h) and MtBCP1-p1 (c, f, and i) in roots of M. truncatula 4 weeks after inoculation with Rhizophagus irregularis. (d, g, and j) Example of MtPT4-p1 expressing root system mock inoculated with autoclaved R. irregularis. (e, f, g) Root system images filtered for red colouring only. Scale bar (b, c, and d), 1 cm; scale bar (h, i, and j), 1.5 mm. AM, arbuscular mycorrhiza.