TABLE 3.

Recommended animal model translations of restless legs syndrome (RLS) clinical features related to periodic limb movements and sleep

	Clinical features	Recommended animal model methods	Recommended animal model outcome measures (expected endpoints)
6	Periodic limb movements: the presence of PLMS or PLMW at rates or intensity greater than expected for age or medical/medication status	Video-PSG	• Increase in number of TA EMG bursts/h during wakefulness or sleep as a function of their decreased inter-movement interval
7	Sleep disturbance (reduction in total sleep time, long sleep latency, more frequent sleep state transitions/fragmented sleep)	Activity monitoring	• Decrease in time spent at rest during the light period (decrease) • Increased transitions/h from activity to sustained rest and vice versa
		Activity monitoring after sleep deprivation	• Increased latency to sustained rest
		Video-PSG	• Decreased total sleep time during the light period • Decreased sleep bout length • Increase in transitions/h between different wake-sleep states
		Video-PSG after sleep deprivation	• Increased sleep latency

PLMS, presence of periodic leg movements in sleep; PLMW, presence of periodic leg movements in resting wake; PSG, polysomnography; TA, tibialis anterior; EMG, electromyography.