Fig. 5.

LMO3 increases adipocyte mitochondrial oxidative capacity. eWAT data displayed in (A) to (C) were from mice on HFD for 10 weeks following transduction of eWAT with either rAAV-YFP or rAAV-Lmo3. A GSEA of eWAT from obese mice. Nominal ES P-value < 0.0001 for “TCA cycle” and “FA metabolism.” Vertical lines for visualization only. B Network plots for 24 genes common to the “Leading edge” of OX-PHOS, TCA-cycle, and FA metabolism from the BioCarta, KEGG, and GO compendium. Blue node color represents downregulation and red node color represents upregulation of gene expression in eWAT. The node size is associated with the gene’s co-expression in the entire dataset. The edge (line) thickness is linked to the gene’s connectivity (co-expression within the module). C Q-PCR analysis in eWAT from obese mice of selected genes from “TCA cycle” & “FA metabolism” gene sets analyzed by GSEA as shown in (A) (n = 8/group). D GSEA of AdLacZ- or AdLmo3-transduced mature 3T3-L1 adipocytes for a custom-gene set featuring 212 rAAV-Lmo3-induced genes (Fig. 4A and Supplemental Table; nominal ES P-value < 0.0001). Vertical lines for visualization only. E GSEA of AdLacZ- or AdLmo3-transduced 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Nominal ES P-value < 0.0001. F Q-PCR analysis in AdLacZ- or AdLmo3-transduced 3T3-L1 adipocytes of selected genes from the “TCA cycle” gene set analyzed by GSEA shown in (E) (n = 5/group). G Oxygen consumption rates (OCRs) of AdLacZ- and AdLmo3-transduced 3T3-L1 adipocytes (n = 11). H OCR and mitochondrial function parameters of AdLacZ and AdLmo3 3T3-L1 adipocytes (n = 11). I OCR and extracellular acidification rates (ECAR) of AdLacZ- and AdLmo3-transduced 3T3-L1 adipocytes (n = 11). J OCR kinetics in AdLacZ and AdLmo3 3T3-L1 adipocytes after sequential injection of palmitate (PA; 10 μM) and etomoxir (Eto, 100 mM) (n = 5). K Q-PCR analysis of mitochondrial DNA content in AdLacZ- or AdLmo3-transduced 3T3-L1 adipocytes (n = 3). *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, ns, not significant