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. 2021 May 20;99(8):1151–1171. doi: 10.1007/s00109-021-02089-9

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 6 — LMO3 increases mitochondrial oxidative gene expression and glucose uptake via NCoA1/SRC-1. A IPA-predicted upstream regulators from AdLmo3- versus AdLacZ-transduced 3T3-L1 adipocytes showing activation Z-score (bars). Top-15 transcriptional regulators with an overlap p < 0.05 by IPA (see “Methods” for description) were predicted to be upstream regulators. *indicates genes comprising the IPA-predicted mechanistic network displayed in (D). B IPA-predicted upstream regulators (center, colored by Z-score) and target genes (outer circle, colored by Fold Change) in AdLmo3- versus AdLacZ-transduced 3T3-L1 adipocytes. C ELISA-based PPARγ transcription reporter assay demonstrating that LMO3 activated PPARγ transcriptional activity in mature adipocytes compared with LacZ controls (n = 6). D IPA-predicted mechanistic network based on upstream regulators as shown in (F). See supplemental information for gene symbol description. See Figure S1B for explanation of molecule shapes. E Q-PCR analysis of selected “TCA cycle” genes in siCtr- or siNcoa1-transfected control (AdLacZ-) or LMO3-overexpressing (AdLmo3) 3T3-L1 adipocytes (n = 5). F Glucose uptake in in siCtr- or siNcoa1-transfected control (AdLacZ-) or LMO3-overexpressing 3T3-L1 adipocytes (n = 5). After 4-h serum starvation, the cells received mock or insulin treatment for 20 min for measurement of 2-DG uptake. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, ns, not significant