Table 2.
All-cause and cause-specific mortality rates of patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF).
| Total patients (n) | Death (n) | Follow-up duration (person-year) | Mortality rate per 1000 person-year | aAdjusted HR (95% CI) | p value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total death | |||||||
| Total | Control | 128,331 | 25,058 | 848,706 | 29.525 | 1 (Ref.) | |
| IPF | 42,777 | 18,905 | 220,690 | 85.663 | 2.918 (2.861–2.976) | < 0.001 | |
| Male | Control | 83,913 | 18,153 | 543,748 | 33.385 | 1 (Ref.) | |
| IPF | 27,971 | 13,425 | 137,527 | 97.617 | 2.885 (2.819–2.953) | < 0.001 | |
| Female | Control | 44,418 | 6905 | 304,958 | 22.643 | 1 (Ref.) | |
| IPF | 14,806 | 5480 | 83,162 | 65.895 | 2.989 (2.881–3.101) | < 0.001 | |
| Respiratory cause | |||||||
| Total | Control | 128,331 | 3140 (12.5%) | 848,706 | 3.700 | 1 (Ref.) | |
| IPF | 42,777 | 7147 (37.8%) | 220,690 | 32.385 | 9.837 (9.421–10.271) | < 0.001 | |
| Male | Control | 83,913 | 2451 (13.5%) | 543,748 | 4.508 | 1 (Ref.) | |
| IPF | 27,971 | 4828 (36.0%) | 137,527 | 35.106 | 8.699 (8.273–9.147) | < 0.001 | |
| Female | Control | 44,418 | 689 (10.0%) | 304,958 | 2.259 | 1 (Ref.) | |
| IPF | 14,806 | 2319 (42.3%) | 83,162 | 27.885 | 13.847(12.697–15.101) | < 0.001 | |
| Cancer | |||||||
| Total | Control | 128,331 | 6459 (25.8%) | 848,706 | 7.610 | 1 (Ref.) | |
| IPF | 42,777 | 4528 (24.0%) | 220,690 | 20.518 | 2.381 (2.289–2.477) | < 0.001 | |
| Male | Control | 83,913 | 5225 (28.8%) | 543,748 | 9.609 | 1 (Ref.) | |
| IPF | 27,971 | 3719 (27.7%) | 137,527 | 27.042 | 2.475 (2.369–2.586) | < 0.001 | |
| Female | Control | 44,418 | 1234 (17.9%) | 304,958 | 4.046 | 1 (Ref.) | |
| IPF | 14,806 | 809 (14.8%) | 83,162 | 9.728 | 1.990 (1.814–2.183) | < 0.001 | |
| Cardiovascular cause | |||||||
| Total | Control | 128,331 | 1818 (7.3%) | 848,706 | 2.142 | 1 (Ref.) | |
| IPF | 42,777 | 690 (3.6%) | 220,690 | 3.127 | 1.415 (1.293–1.549) | < 0.001 | |
| Male | Control | 83,913 | 1161 (6.4%) | 543,748 | 2.135 | 1 (Ref.) | |
| IPF | 27,971 | 449 (3.3%) | 137,527 | 3.265 | 1.448 (1.294–1.621) | < 0.001 | |
| Female | Control | 44,418 | 657 (9.5%) | 304,958 | 2.154 | 1 (Ref.) | |
| IPF | 14,806 | 241 (4.4%) | 83,162 | 2.898 | 1.347 (1.157–1.569) | < 0.001 | |
| Suicide | |||||||
| Total | Control | 128,331 | 511 (2.0%) | 848,706 | 0.602 | 1 (Ref.) | |
| IPF | 42,777 | 258 (1.4%) | 220,690 | 1.169 | 2.000 (1.712–2.335) | < 0.001 | |
| Male | Control | 83,913 | 443 (2.4%) | 543,748 | 0.815 | 1 (Ref.) | |
| IPF | 27,971 | 212 (1.6%) | 137,527 | 1.542 | 1.940 (1.637–2.300) | < 0.001 | |
| Female | Control | 44,418 | 68 (1.0%) | 304,958 | 0.223 | 1 (Ref.) | |
| IPF | 14,806 | 46 (0.8%) | 83,162 | 0.553 | 2.355 (1.600–3.467) | < 0.001 | |
| Others | |||||||
| Total | Control | 128,331 | 13,130 (52.4%) | 848,706 | 15.471 | 1 (Ref.) | |
| IPF | 42,777 | 6282 (33.2%) | 220,690 | 28.465 | 1.861 (1.804–1.920) | < 0.001 | |
| Male | Control | 83,913 | 8873 (48.9%) | 543,748 | 16.318 | 1 (Ref.) | |
| IPF | 27,971 | 4217 (31.4%) | 137,527 | 30.663 | 1.856 (1.787–1.928) | < 0.001 | |
| Female | Control | 44,418 | 4257 (61.7%) | 304,958 | 13.959 | 1 (Ref.) | |
| IPF | 14,806 | 2065 (37.7%) | 83,162 | 24.831 | 1.855 (1.757–1.959) | < 0.001 | |
IPF idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, HR hazard ratio, CI confidence interval, Ref reference.
aAdjusted by age, sex, ischemic heart disease, stroke, cerebrovascular disease, cancer, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, dyslipidemia, liver disease, household income, and place of residence.