Table 5.
Multivariate Cox regression analysis of associations of baseline eGFR and in-hospital AKI with the composite endpoint in patients with COVID-19.
| Variable | Unadjusted HR (95% CI) | p value | Adjusted HR (95% CI) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Model 1a | p value | Model 2b | p value | |||
| All patients | ||||||
| eGFR, ml/min/1.73 m2 | ||||||
| ≥ 90 | 1.0 (Ref) | 1.0 (Ref) | 1.0 (Ref) | |||
| 60–89 | 2.066 (1.478–2.889) | 0.000 | 1.538 (0.978–2.421) | 0.063 | 1.535 (0.976–2.413) | 0.064 |
| < 60 | 5.595 (3.938–7.951) | 0.000 | 1.953 (1.174–3.250) | 0.010 | 1.942 (1.168–3.230) | 0.011 |
| AKI | ||||||
| without AKI | 1.0 (Ref) | 1.0 (Ref) | 1.0 (Ref) | |||
| With AKI | 5.263 (3.831–7.246) | 0.000 | 1.724 (1.070–2.778) | 0.025 | 1.650 (1.027–2.652) | 0.039 |
| Patients aged 18–64 | ||||||
| eGFR, ml/min/1.73 m2 | ||||||
| ≥ 90 | 1.0 (Ref) | 1.0 (Ref) | 1.0 (Ref) | |||
| 60–89 | 1.491 (1.022–2.177) | 0.038 | 1.231 (0.435–3.481) | 0.485 | 1.502 (0.532–4.242) | 0.442 |
| < 60 | 3.490 (2.311–5.271) | 0.000 | 4.868 (2.378–9.968) | 0.000 | 4.327 (2.149–8.709) | 0.000 |
| AKI | ||||||
| without AKI | 1.0 (Ref) | 1.0 (Ref) | 1.0 (Ref) | |||
| With AKI | 2.525 (1.703–3.742) | 0.000 | 1.954 (1.305–2.927) | 0.001 | 1.727 (1.133–2.631) | 0.011 |
| Patients aged ≥ 65 | ||||||
| eGFR, ml/min/1.73 m2 | ||||||
| ≥ 90 | 1.0 (Ref) | 1.0 (Ref) | 1.0 (Ref) | |||
| 60–89 | 1.486 (1.025–2.181) | 0.038 | 1.164 (0.792–1.709) | 0.440 | 1.080 (0.735–1.587) | 0.696 |
| < 60 | 3.471 (2.305–5.288) | 0.000 | 2.379 (1.562–3.623) | 0.000 | 2.133 (1.401–3.247) | 0.000 |
| AKI | ||||||
| without AKI | 1.0 (Ref) | 1.0 (Ref) | 1.0 (Ref) | |||
| With AKI | 1.824 (1.563–2.127) | 0.000 | 1.542 (1.302–1.827) | 0.000 | 1.470 (1.244–1.737) | 0.000 |
aModel 1: adjusted for disease severity, hypertension, diabetes, coronary artery heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, leukocyte count, lymphocyte count, and IL-6.
bModel 2: adjusted for disease severity, hypertension, diabetes, coronary artery heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, leukocyte count, lymphocyte count, IL-6 and any complication (excluding AKI).
Composite endpoint comprised admission to the intensive care unit or invasive ventilation or death, whichever occurred first.
COVID-19, coronavirus disease 2019; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; AKI, acute kidney injury; HR, hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval; IL, interleukin.