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. 2021 Jul 13;13:684171. doi: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.684171

FIGURE 5.

FIGURE 5

Tbk1 blockade enhances the expression of genes associated with the Disease Associated Microglia (DAM) microglial phenotype after SWI. qPCR from whole-biopsy homogenates were obtained from the injury site (or the corresponding anatomical location in sham mice) from animals treated with either vehicle or AMX at 7 dpi. Among the DAM signature genes, upon SWI, AMX upregulated the expression of Cst7 (A), CCL4 (C), Progranulin (D), CCL3 (E), CSF1 (G), TLR4 (H), and IL-13 (I). Among the genes characteristically downregulated in DAM, AMX substantially reduced the expression of P2ry12 (L) and TMEM119 (M). Notably, AMX alone, with or without SWI, upregulated the expression of CSF1 (G), CSF1R (J), Flt3 (O) and Flt3R (P). No difference in expression levels was observed upon SWI with or without inhibitor treatment in Clec7a (B), LPL (F), TREM2 (K), and CX3CR1 (N). (n = 3 animals/group with 4 sections/animal. Average ± SD, plus individual data points indicated; one-way ANOVA with Tukey post hoc; ns: not significant, ∗p < 0.05, ∗∗p < 0.01, ∗∗∗p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001; full statistical report in Supplementary Table 7).