Figure 1.

CXCR5⁺CD8⁺ T cells are generated in acute settings in the absence of follicular infection following protein immunisation and IAV challenge. Isolated, congenically marked (CD45.1/2) OT-I cells were transferred i.v into C57BL/6 mice that were then (A) immunised with OVA/alum intraperitoneally or (B) infected with x31-OVA intranasally. Flow cytometry of (A) spleen cells on day 7 post-immunisation with OVA/alum and (B) mLN cells on day 8 post-infection with x31-OVA, assessing CXCR5 expression on the indicated cell populations. Data are representative of at least three independent experiments with at least 4 mice. Data were analysed by a repeated measures one-way ANOVA. Mean ± SEM. **p < 0.01, ****p < 0.0001.