TABLE 2.

Multivariate Cox Proportional Hazards Analysis With Backward Covariate Selection for Clinical Factors Associated with Composite Safety^a

Covariatesb	Hazard Ratio	95% Confidence Interval	P
Adult-onset IBD c	0.580	0.386–0.871	<0.01
Prior GI Surgery	1.440	0.913–2.270	0.12
Prior Hospitalization	1.455	0.881–2.402	0.14
Medication at Cohort Entryd	1.352	0.895–2.042	0.15
Corticosteroids at Cohort Entry	1.359	0.889–2.079	0.16
Type of IBDe	1.294	0.876–1.911	0.20

^aComposite safety defined as the first occurrence of infection, malignancy, or death following cohort entry.

^bCovariates were selected via backward regression with P cutoff of 0.2.

^cAdult-onset IBD defined as age of IBD diagnosis younger than 60 years, compared with elderly-onset IBD (60 years and older at diagnosis) as baseline.

^dMedication at cohort entry defined as a binary categorical variable: either taking no medications/5-aminosalicylates at entry (baseline) or taking immunomodulators/biologics at entry.

^eType of IBD defined as a binary categorical variable: either ulcerative colitis or Crohn’s disease, with Crohn’s disease as baseline

Abbreviations: IBD, inflammatory bowel diseases; GI, gastrointestinal