Table 3.
Systematic reviews and meta-analyses addressing an older population with dementia.
| Review | Main Characteristics | Participants | Interventions | Skills Measured | Follow-On | Effect Size |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lobbia et al., 2018 | Clinical context 12 RCTs Dementia diagnosis MMSE score >10 Cognitive stimulation intervention |
Total N = 873 TG = 505 CG = 368 MA = 82.3 (from 77 to 88) GEN = 67.5% (F); 32.5% (M). YE = no data CF = no data |
TG = Cognitive stimulation CG = 3 studies without a control group, 1 study with passive control group and 8 studies with active control groups: entertainment activities, crafts, music, etc. FORMAT: All interventions were individual. FREQUENCY: From 1 to 2 weekly sessions, from 7 to 14 weeks, and 14 total sessions. |
General cognitive functioning Specific cognitive functioning (language, memory, attention, executive function, praxis and orientation) Quality of life Symptoms of depression and anxiety Communication capacity |
All pre-post
No follow-up data |
No data available |
| Oltra-Cucarella et al., 2018 | Clinical context 33 RCTs Dementia diagnosis Cognitive intervention |
Total N = 1240 TG = 778 CG = 462 MA = 76.16 (from 66 to 87) GEN = 71.4% (F); 38.6% (M). YE = 8.7 CF = no data |
TG = 20 studies with cognitive training, 5 with cognitive stimulation, 2 with cognitive rehabilitation and 6 studies that combine cognitive training and cognitive stimulation. CG = 24 studies with a passive control group, 1 study with an active control group (relaxation and psycho-education) and 8 studies without a control group. FORMAT: All are individual interventions. FREQUENCY: From 4 to 60 weeks and from 5 to 120 total sessions according to the study (mean = 32.2 sessions). |
General cognitive functioning Memory Attention Executive function Functional capacity Quality of life |
All pre-post
No follow-up data |
No data available |
| Kurz et al., 2011 | Adult Daycare Centers (CS) Memory clinics or research centers (CT and CR) 33 RCTs Dementia diagnosis Cognitive intervention |
Total N = no data TG = 1945 TG(CS)= 1361 TG(CT/CR) = 584 CG = no data MA = 79.7 GEN = 51% (F); 49% (M). YE = 8 CF = 18.8 |
TG = 20 Cognitive stimulation (CS) studies and 13 Cognitive Training (CT) or Cognitive Rehabilitation (CR) studies. CG = 13 studies with a passive control group and 20 with an active control group FORMAT (CS): 9 group interventions and 11 studies with individual training. FREQUENCY (CS): From 4 to 56 weeks and from 6 to 103 total sessions according to the study. FORMAT (CS/CR): 11 group interventions and 3 studies with individual training. FREQUENCY (CS/CR): From 3 to 24 weeks and from 5 to 60 total sessions according to the study. |
General cognitive functioning Functional capacity Frame of mind Quality of life |
All pre-post
8 follow-ups (from 1 to 10 months) |
0.21 General cognitive functioning |
Note. TG = treatment group; CG = control group; MA = mean age; GEN = gender; YE = mean years of education; CF = cognitive function; CS = Cognitive Stimulation; CT = Cognitive Training; CR = Cognitive Rehabilitation.