Table 2.
Toxic dose and LD50 of the herbs and compounds in Aconitums
| Herb/Compound | Species | p.o | s.c | i.p | i.v | Ref |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Raw Chuanwu | Mouse | 18,000 mg/kg | [127] | |||
| Aconitine | Mouse | 1.8 mg/kg | 0.24–0.31 mg/kg | 0.28–0.34 mg/kg | 0.12 mg/kg | [69] |
| Mouse | 0.55 mg/kg | [128] | ||||
| Rat | 0.102 mg/kg | [127] | ||||
| Rat | 0.112 mg/kg | [103] | ||||
| Cat | 0.07–0.13 mg/kg | |||||
| Dog | 0.5 mg/kg | |||||
| Human | 2-5 mg | [127] | ||||
| Mesaconitine | Mouse | 1.9 mg/kg | 0.19–0.22 mg/kg | 0.20–0.23 mg/kg | 0.10 mg/kg | [69] |
| Mouse | 0.25 mg/kg | [128] | ||||
| Mouse | 0.068 mg/kg | [129] | ||||
| Rat | 0.158 mg/kg | [103] | ||||
| Hypaconitine | Mouse | 5.8 mg/kg | 1.1–1.3 mg/kg | 1.0–1.2 mg/kg | 0.47 mg/kg | [69] |
| Mouse | 1.9 mg/kg | [128] | ||||
| Rat | 0.291 mg/kg | [103] | ||||
| Benzoylaconitine | Mouse | 70 mg/kg | 23 mg/kg | [69] | ||
| Rat | > 20.2 mg/kg | [103] | ||||
| Benzoylmesaconine | Mouse | 810 mg/kg | 230 mg/kg | 240 mg/kg | 21 mg/kg | [69] |
| Rat | > 18.7 mg/kg | [103] | ||||
| Benzoylhypaconine | Mouse | 830 mg/kg | 130 mg/kg | 120 mg/kg | 23 mg/kg | [69] |
| Rat | > 20.4 mg/kg | [103] | ||||
| Lappaconitine | Mouse | 5.9 ~ 11.5 mg/kg | [124] | |||
| Jesaconitine | Mouse | 0.23 mg/kg | [128] | |||
| Songorine | Mouse | 106 mg/kg | [129] | |||
| Heteratisine | Mouse | 147 mg/kg | [129] | |||
| Napelline | Mouse | > 147 mg/kg | [129] |