Table 2. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 prevalence measured by PCR, prevalence ratios, and absolute prevalence differences between community members and outpatient participants, stratified by reason for attending the health facility, Zambia, July 2020.
| Population | Prevalence, % (95% CI) | Prevalence ratio (95% CI) | Absolute difference, % (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Community members,† n = 2,990 |
7.6 (4.7–10.6) |
Referent |
Referent |
| Outpatients, n = 1,490 | |||
| Overall | 13.4 (8.3–18.5) | 1.8 (1.1–2.9) | 5.7 (0.3–11.2) |
| Fever or respiratory complaint | 12.9 (6.6–19.2) | 1.7 (0.9–3.0) | 5.3 (–1.2 to 11.7) |
| COVID-19 testing | 27.5 (17.7–37.3) | 3.6 (2.2–5.9) | 19.9 (10.5–29.3) |
| Other acute medical complaints | 10.7 (5.6–15.7) | 1.4 (0.8–2.5) | 3.0 (–2.4 to 8.4) |
| Routine health visit | 12.5 (4.6–20.3) | 1.6 (0.8–3.2) | 4.8 (–2.9 to 12.5) |
| Not specified | 15.5 (9.8–21.2) | 2.0 (1.2–3.3) | 7.9 (2.0–13.8) |
*COVID-19, coronavirus disease. †Estimates derived from a cluster-sampled household prevalence survey conducted among community members in the same 6 districts (Kabwe, Livingstone, Lusaka, Nakonde, Ndola, and Solwezi) as in the outpatient prevalence study.