Figure 7.

Diminished lactate production in human newborn vs. adult monocytes. Human newborn and adult CD33+ monocytes were cultured in vitro as described in Figure 1 . Lactate was measured in culture supernatants post-primary BCG stimulation (Day 1) and post-secondary LPS stimulation (Day 7) using a colorimetric assay as described in Methods. Lactate production was normalized to the vehicle condition on Day 1 and log₂-transformed. N = 4 newborns and 4 adults. Bars indicate mean + SD. *p ≤ 0.05, **p ≤ 0.01 (black star: log₂-fold change compared to untrained control RPMI+LPS at Day 7; red stars: NB vs. AD for the respective conditions).