Table 1.
Clinical Characteristics of Patients With Single Episode of Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia (SAB) (Group I), Patients With Recurrent SAB (Group II), Patients With Relapse of SAB (Group III), and Patients With Reinfection of SAB (Group IV)
| Characteristics | Group I Single episode (N = 687) | Group II Recurrence (N = 69) | P value, I vs II | Group III Relapse (N = 30) | P value I vs III | Group IV Reinfection (N = 39) | P value I vs IV | P value III vs IV |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | ||||||||
| Median age (IQR) | 61.0 (50.0–71.0) | 56.0 (40.0–63.0) | .0003 | 58.0 (51.0–63.0) | .0615 | 46.0 (35.0–64.0) | .001 | .3061 |
| Male sex | 419 (61.0) | 40 (58.0) | .70 | 23 (76.7) | .0882 | 17 (43.6) | .0423 | .0073 |
| Racea | <.0001 | .0080 | <.0001 | .2021 | ||||
| White | 460(67.2) | 24 (34.8) | 13 (43.3) | 11 (28.2) | ||||
| Black | 205 (29.8) | 44 (63.8) | 16 (53.3) | 28 (71.8) | ||||
| Other | 20 (2.9) | 1 (1.4) | 1 (3.3) | 0 | ||||
| Acquisitionb | .43 | .1001 | .6466 | .1387 | ||||
| Hospital-acquired | 120 (17.5) | 8 (11.8) | 1 (3.3) | 7 (17.9) | ||||
| Healthcare-associated | 473 (68.9) | 52 (76.5) | 23 (76.7) | 29 (74.4) | ||||
| Community-acquired | 94 (13.7) | 8 (11.8) | 5 (16.7) | 3 (7.7) | ||||
| Underlying disease/condition | ||||||||
| Diabetes mellitus | 279 (40.6) | 34 (49.3) | .1995 | 16 (53.3) | .19 | 18 (46.2) | .5070 | .6307 |
| Hemodialysis dependence | 107 (15.6) | 38 (55.1) | <.0001 | 16 (53.3) | <.0001 | 22 (56.4) | <.0001 | .8123 |
| Injection drug use | 28 (4.1) | 1 (1.4) | .51 | 0 | .62 | 1 (2.56) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Neoplasm | 175 (25.5) | 8 (11.6) | .008 | 6 (20.0) | .6681 | 2 (5.13) | .0019 | .0702 |
| Transplantation | 59 (8.6) | 6 (8.7) | 1.00 | 4 (13.3) | .3253 | 2 (5.13) | .7641 | .3920 |
| Steroid use | 163 (23.7) | 10 (14.5) | .098 | 6 (20.0) | .8264 | 4 (10.3) | .0517 | .3121 |
| HIV infectionc | 16 (2.3) | 3 (4.4) | .24 | 2 (6.7) | .1636 | 1 (2.56) | .6146 | .5712 |
| Foreign bodyd | 410 (59.7) | 57 (82.6) | .0001 | 26 (86.7) | .0034 | 31 (79.5) | .0172 | .5316 |
| Surgery within 30 dayse | 163 (23.7) | 8 (11.6) | .0229 | 3 (10.0) | .0814 | 5 (12.8) | .1226 | 1.00 |
| Clinical features of SAB | ||||||||
| Median APACHE II score (IQR) | 16.0 (12.0 – 22.0) | 15.0 (12.0 – 18.0) | .07 | 15.0 (12.0 – 19.0) | .18 | 16.05 (12.0 – 18.0) | .30 | .7520 |
| Persistent bacteremia | 170 (24.7) | 27 (39.1) | .0138 | 14 (46.7) | .0103 | 13 (33.3) | .2551 | .3229 |
| Infective endocarditise | 122 (17.8) | 15 (21.7) | .3590 | 5 (16.7) | 1.00 | 10 (25.6) | .2011 | .3829 |
| Metastatic abscesse | 78 (11.4) | 12 (17.4) | .1013 | 7 (23.3) | .0384 | 5 (12.82) | .5853 | .3426 |
| Metastatic arthritise | 54 (7.9) | 4 (5.8) | .81 | 3 (10.0) | .48 | 1 (2.56) | .51 | .3148 |
| Septic thrombophlebitise | 40 (5.8) | 5 (7.2) | .4658 | 3 (10.0) | .2644 | 2 (5.13) | 1.00 | .6480 |
| Microbiologic characteristics | ||||||||
| Methicillin resistance | 300 (43.7) | 39 (56.5) | .0429 | 22 (73.3) | .0022 | 17 (43.6) | 1.00 | .0160 |
Abbreviations: HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; IQR, interquartile range.
aData missing for 2 patients from Group I; P-values reported are for black vs white.
bData missing for 1 patient from Group II, originating from Group III.
cData missing for 1 patient from Group III.
d Data missing for 1 patient from Group I.
eData missing for 6 patients from Group II, 2 originating from Group III, and 4 from group IV.