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. 2021 Jul 6;11(16):7970–7983. doi: 10.7150/thno.62138

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Knockout of mdig enhances enrichment of the repressive histone trimethylation markers on the Neanderthal variants that increase the risk of severe COVID-19. Left panel shows Neanderthal haplotype region in Chromosome 3p21.31. Red arrows point to the elevated peaks of H3K9me3, H3K27me3 and H4K20me3 in the mdig KO cells. Right panel shows increased level of H3K9me3 in the gene body and promoter of DPP4 as indicated by red arrows. Red box denotes the promoter region of DPP4 encompassing all Neanderthal single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that increase the risk of severe COVID-19, including rs117888248, rs79624636, rs116906287, rs118098838, rs76135328, rs117460501, rs57355997, rs188765526, and others.