Table 5.
Secondary outcome: Glycemic control in relation to physical activity at T0 and T1 (N = 194).
| T0 | T1 | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No sport (N = 38) | Sport <3 h (N = 27) | Sport ≥3 h (N = 129) | p-value No sport vs Sport <3 h | p-value No sport vs Sport ≥3 h | p-valueSport <3 h vs Sport ≥3 h | No sport (N = 77) | Sport <3 h (N = 46) | Sport ≥3 h (N = 71) | p-value No sport vs Sport <3 h | p-value No sport vs Sport ≥3 h | p-value Sport <3 h vs Sport ≥3 h | |
| Mean ± SD median (IQR) | Mean ± SD median (IQR) | Mean ± SD median (IQR) | Mean ± SD median (IQR) | Mean ± SD median (IQR) | Mean ± SD median (IQR) | |||||||
| Coefficient of variation (%) | 36.47 ± 5.88 | 34.48 ± 5.99 | 36.92 ± 5.73 | 0.17 | 0.68 | 0.04 | 35.39 ± 5.47 | 33.06 ± 5.91 | 35.09 ± 6.04 | 0.02 | 0.58 | 0.09 |
| SD (mg/dl) | 66.71 ± 15.53 | 61.07 ± 15.04 | 63.96 ± 13.97 | 0.19 | 0.40 | 0.28 | 63.04 ± 14.18 | 55.72 ± 12.94 | 57.14 ± 13.47 | 0.01 | 0.02 | 0.78 |
| HbA1c (%) | 8.02 ± 1.13 | 7.77 ± 0.87 | 7.67 ± 1.05 | 0.56 | 0.15 | 0.49 | 7.85 ± 1.11 | 7.53 ± 1.12 | 7.28 ± 0.89 | 0.11 | 0.002 | 0.26 |
| TIR (%) | 51.56 ± 16.74 | 55.51 ± 14.41 | 55.63 ± 17.18 | 0.42 | 0.25 | 0.86 | 54.12 ± 17.01 | 59.69 ± 19.30 | 63.98 ± 16.29 | 0.07 | 0.0001 | 0.28 |
| TAR (%) | 49.90 ± 18.13 | 42.83 ± 15.38 | 41.07 ± 18.23 | 0.63 | 0.21 | 0.56 | 44.57 ± 18.04 | 38.32 ± 20.42 | 33.24 ± 16.52 | 0.09 | 0.001 | 0.19 |
| TAR >250 mg/dl (%) | 18.94 ± 14.45 | 13.97 ± 10.04 | 15.78 ± 12.19 | 0.25 | 0.30 | 0.64 | 16.07 ± 13.09 | 12.16 ± 12.16 | 9.94 ± 8.91 | 0.05 | 0.002 | 0.63 |
| 15.25 (22.60) | 11.40 (16.10) | 12.30 (17.80) | 13.50 (18.50) | 8.55 (17.30) | 8.70 (10.60) | |||||||
| TBR (%) | 2.71 ± 3.13 | 1.53 ± 2.14 | 3.11 ± 2.96 | 0.07 | 0.25 | 0.001 | 2.32 ± 2.64 | 2.0 ± 2.24 | 2.66 ± 3.95 | 0.53 | 0.70 | 0.29 |
| 2.05 (3.70) | 0.70 (1.30) | 2.10 (3.50) | 1.30 (2.80) | 1.20 (3.10) | 1.60 (2.80) | |||||||
| TBR <54 mg/dl (%) | 0.41 ± 0.59 | 0.41 ± 1.01 | 0.67 ± 0.98 | 0.06 | 0.29 | 0.003 | 0.51 ± 0.96 | 0.29 ± 0.41 | 0.58 ± 1.44 | 0.23 | 0.62 | 0.48 |
| 0.20 (0.40) | 0.10 (0.30) | 0.30 (0.70) | 0.20 (0.50) | 0.10 (0.40) | 0.10 (0.50) | |||||||
| Mean glucose (mg/dl) | 183.47 ± 33.66 | 176.19 ± 24.79 | 173.59 ± 30.18 | 0.50 | 0.15 | 0.51 | 178.45 ± 31.89 | 169.3 ± 32 | 162.3 ± 25.45 | 0.11 | 0.002 | 0.30 |
SD, standard deviation; TIR, time in range* (70–180 mg/dl); TAR, time above range (>180 mg/dl); TAR >250, time above range (>250 mg/dl); TBR, time below range (<70 mg/dl); TBR <54, time below range (<54 mg/dl). bold = statistically significant values.