Table 2.
Identified studies relating to Q1: Does hearing loss have an effect on work, social or physical activity level?.
| # | Author (year) | Intervention | Activity type | Number of participants | Measurement of hearing loss | Measurement of activity | Findings (one sign per result) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Bess et al. (1989) | B | Social | 153 | PTA (average) | SR Questionnaire (V) | + |
| B | Work | 153 | PTA (average) | SR Questionnaire (V) | = | ||
| 2 | Brink and Stones (2007) | A | Social | 12,254 | Assessed by investigator | IR Questionnaire (V) | + |
| 3 | Bullis et al. (1995) | A | Work | 439 | Specialist group | Employment status, SR Questionnaire (NV) | + |
| 4 | Chan et al. (2019) | A | Physical | 3790 | SR Questionnaire (NV) | SR Questionnaire (V) | + |
| 5 | Choi et al. (2016) | A | Physical | 1669 | PTA (average) & SR Questionnaire (NV) | Accelerometer | + = |
| 6 | Christensen and Datta Gupta (2017) | A | Work | 2407 | PTA (average) & Questionnaire (NV) | Disability benefits through hearing loss, SR Questionnaire (NV) | + |
| 7 | Clark, Bond, and Sanchez (1999) | A | Social | 1052 | PTA (average) | SR Questionnaire (V) | = |
| 8 | Crews and Campbell (2004) | A | Social | 9447 | SR Questionnaire (NV) | SR Questionnaire (NV) | + |
| 9 | Curhan et al. (2013) | A | Physical | 68,421 | SR Questionnaire (NV) | SR Questionnaire (NV) | + |
| 10 | Emmett and Francis (2015) | A | Work | 3379 | PTA (average) | Employment status, SR Questionnaire (NV) | + |
| 11 | Engdahl et al. (2015) | A | Physical | 31,547 | PTA (average) | SR Questionnaire (NV) | + |
| 12 | Fischer et al. (2014) | A | Work | 3753 | PTA (average) | Retirement, SR Questionnaire (NV) | = |
| 13 | Garramiola-Bilbao and Rodriguez-Alvarez (2016) | A | Work | 1224 | Questionnaire (NV) | Employment status, SR Questionnaire (NV) | + |
| 14 | Gispen et al. (2014) | A | Physical | 706 | PTA (average) | Accelerometer & SR Questionnaire (NV) | + + |
| 15 | Haas et al. (2016) | A | Physical | 1221 | PTA (average) | SR Questionnaire (V) | + |
| 16 | Hasson et al. (2010) | A | Work | 18,734 | SR Questionnaire (NV) | Employment status, SR Questionnaire (NV) | + |
| 17 | Helvik, Krokstad, and Tambs (2013) | A | Work | 25,740 | PTA (average) | Early retirement, SR Questionnaire (NV) | + |
| 18 | Hogan et al. (2009) | A | Work | 43,233 | SR Questionnaire (NV) | Employment status, SR Questionnaire (NV) | + |
| 19 | Joo, Han, and Park (2015) | A | Physical | 11,266 | PTA (average) | SR Questionnaire (V) | + |
| 20 | Jung and Bhattacharyya (2012) | A | Work | ∼40,000 | Medical records | Employment status, SR Questionnaire (NV) | + |
| 21 | Koyanagi, Stubbs, and Vancampfort (2018) | A | Physical | 206,356 | Assessed by investigator | SR Questionnaire (V) | + |
| 22 | Kramer, Kapteyn, and Houtgast (2006) | A | Work | 210 | Specialist group | Sick leave due to distress, SR Questionnaire (V) | + |
| 23 | Lampropoulou (1992) | A | Work | 148 | Specialist group | Employment status, SR Questionnaire (NV) | + |
| 24 | Lee, Gomez-Marin, and Lee (1996) | A | Work | 2694 | PTA (average) | Employment status, SR Questionnaire (NV) | + |
| 25 | Liljas et al. (2016) | A | Social | 3981 | SR Questionnaire (NV) | SR Questionnaire (NV) | + |
| 26 | Linssen et al. (2014) | B (longitudinal) | Physical | 1823 | PTA (average) | SR Questionnaire (NV) | = |
| 27 | Loprinzi et al. (2013) | A | Physical | 1485 | PTA (average) | Accelerometer | = |
| 28 | Loprinzi et al. (2013) | A | Physical | 682 | PTA (average) | Accelerometer | + |
| 29 | Mick et al. (2018) | A | Social | 21,241 | SR Questionnaire (NV) | SR Questionnaire (NV) | = |
| 30 | Mikkola et al. (2015) | A | Social | 848 | SR Questionnaire (NV) | SR Questionnaire (NV) | + |
| 31 | Mikkola et al. (2016) | A | Social | 524 | SR Questionnaire (NV) | 7-day activity diary | + |
| 32 | Norris and Cunningham (1981) | A | Social | 50 | PTA | SR Questionnaire (NV) | = |
| 33 | O'Neill et al. (1988) | A | Social | 12 | PTA (average) | SR Questionnaire (V) | = |
| 34 | Park et al. (2016) | A | Work | 1628 | PTA (average) | Hours worked, SR Questionnaire (NV) | – |
| 35 | Parving and Christensen (1993) | A | Work | 218 | PTA (one frequency) | Employment status, SR Questionnaire (NV) | + |
| 36 | Polku et al. (2015) | A | Physical | 848 | SR Questionnaire (NV) | SR Questionnaire (V) | + |
| 37 | Pryce and Gooberman-Hill (2012) | A | Social | 18 | SR Questionnaire (NV) | SR Questionnaire (NV) | + |
| 38 | Resnick, Fries, and Verbrugge (1997) | A | Social | 18,873 | SR Questionnaire (NV) | SR Questionnaire (NV) | + |
| 39 | Rydberg, Gellerstedt, and Danermark (2010) | A | Work | 2144 | Specialist group | Employment status, SR Questionnaire (NV) | + |
| 40 | Schroedel and Geyer (2000) | A | Work | 240 | Specialist group | Employment status, SR Questionnaire (NV) | = |
| 41 | Shukla et al. (2019) | A | Social | 12,311 | SR Questionnaire (NV) | SR Questionnaire (NV) | + |
| 42 | Souza, Fillenbaum, and Blay (2015) | A | Physical | 6924 | SR Questionnaire (NV) | SR Questionnaire (NV) | = |
| 43 | Stam et al. (2013) | A | Work | 1888 | Speech in noise test | Employment status, SR Questionnaire (NV) | + |
| 44 | Svinndal et al. (2018) | A | Work | 3330 | SR Questionnaire (NV) | Employment status, SR Questionnaire (NV) | + = |
| 45 | Tehranchi and Jeyakumar (2020) | A | Work | ∼3.5 mil | SR Questionnaire (NV) | Employment status, SR Questionnaire (NV) | + |
| 46 | Vesterager, Salomon, and Jagd (1988) | A | Physical | 71 | Specialist group | SR Questionnaire (NV) | = |
| 47 | Viljanen et al. (2014) | A | Social | 27,536 | SR Questionnaire (NV) | SR Questionnaire (NV) | = |
| 48 | Woodcock and Pole (2008) | A | Work | 131,535 | SR Questionnaire (NV) | Employment status, SR Questionnaire (NV) | + |
| 49 | Yamada et al. (2012) | A | Social | 1254 | SR Questionnaire (NV) | SR Questionnaire (NV) | = |
A: HL vs NH; B: Level of HL; PTA: Pure tone audiometry (averaged across frequencies, or below threshold in one frequency); Specialist group: participants recruited as they are part of a group solely for people with a hearing loss; SR: Self-report; IR: Investigator-report; V: Validated questionnaire; NV: Non-validated questionnaire, or researchers unable to ascertain validity.
“+” result supported the hypothesis, “=” result did not support the hypothesis, “–” result refuted the hypothesis.