Table 1.
Demographic and medication-related information of 18 pediatric serotonin syndrome cases
| Study | Age | Sex | Ethnicity | Diagnoses | SSRI | SSRI dose | Other medications | Time to symptom onset |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Benzick, 2001; USA | 17 | F | East Asian | PTSD | Paroxetine | 10 mg | 3 days after starting paroxetine | |
| Ghanizadeh et al, 2008; Iran | AD | M | Depression | Fluoxetine | ||||
| Gill et al, 1999; USA | 11 | M | ADHD | Fluvoxamine | 50 mg | Perphenazine, benztropine, valproate (stopped 7 days prior) | 1 hour after first dose | |
| Godinho et al, 2002; UK | 8 | M | ADHD, ID | Fluoxetine | 10 mg | Pimozide (stopped 7 days prior) | 33 days after taking 10mg daily | |
| Grenha et al, 2013; Portugal | 8 | F | Behavioral problem/ insomnia | Sertraline | 50 mg × 30 tabs | Risperidone | Several hours after overdose | |
| Jahr et al, 1994; USA | 18 | F | Depression | Sertraline | 200 mg | Fentanyl, lidocaine, midazolam | Immediately after receiving fentanyl, lidocaine, and midazolam | |
| Kaminski et al, 1994; USA | 9 | M | Sertraline | 50 mg × unknown tabs | Methylphenidate (stopped 9 days prior) | 2 hours after overdose | ||
| Kawano et al, 2011; Japan | 15 | M | Fluvoxamine | Overdose | Tandospirone | 24 hours after overdose | ||
| Lee & Lee, 1999; USA | 12 | M | OCD, Phobia | Sertraline | 37.5 mg | Erythromycin | 4 days after starting erythromycin | |
| Lee-Kelland et al, 2018; UK | 14 | M | Depression, anxiety | Fluoxetine | 20 mg × 60 tabs | 7 hours after overdose | ||
| Likasitwattanakul, 2005; Thailand | 12 | M | OCD | Sertraline | 50 mg | Clomipramine | 1 day after increasing sertraline from 25mg to 50mg | |
| Mullins, 1999; USA | 16 | F | Hispanic | Sertraline | 100 mg | Soon after first dose | ||
| Park & Jung, 2010; Korea | 18 | M | East Asian | Depression | Paroxetine | 40 mg | Methylphenidate | One month after starting paroxetine and methylphenidate |
| Phan et al, 2008; USA | 9 | M | Behavioral problem | Sertraline | 50 mg | 2 hours after first dose | ||
| Pitzianti et al, 2016; Italy | 16 | F | Eating disorder, dysthymia, hypomania | Sertraline | 20 mg × 100 tabs | 13 hours after overdose | ||
| Satoh et al, 2006; Japan | 18 | M | East Asian | Depression, panic disorder | Paroxetine | 10 mg | Fluvoxamine (stopped 1 day prior) | 6 days after starting paroxetine |
| Thomas et al, 2004; USA | 4 | F | Hispanic | Acute stress disorder | Fluoxetine | 5 mg | Fentanyl, linezolid | 2 days after starting linezolid and soon after receiving fentanyl |
| Türkoglu, 2015; Turkey | 14 | F | Depression | Sertraline | 150 mg | Methylphenidate | 2 days after starting methylphenidate |
Abbreviations: AD = adolescent; ADHD = attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; ID = intellectual disability; OCD = obsessive compulsive disorder; PTSD = post-traumatic stress disorder; SSRI = selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor