Figure 2.

MTh_DN/IPN neurons provide a reliable time-locked signal prior to movement initiation

(A) Trial-to-trial MTh_DN/IPN population response models. Green triangles, cue onset; MI, movement initiation.

(B) Example field of view (FOV). Green, early-onset increase in activity.

(C) Average ΔF/F₀ from an early-onset increase neuron (asterisk in B), aligned to movement initiation (MI) and split by short, medium, and long reaction times. Colored triangles, median cue presentation; [ROI], region of interest. Error bars represent 95% CIs.

(D) Average ΔF/F₀ from all early-onset increase activity neurons in (B) FOV, aligned to movement initiation (MI) and split by reaction time. Triangles, median cue presentation. Error bars represent 95% CIs.

(E) Mean onset times of trials split by reaction time. Open circles, individual FOVs; filled circles, means ± 95% CI (n = 9 fields of view, N = 6 mice).

(F) Distribution of bootstrapped trial-to-trial response onsets for all early-onset increased activity neurons across nine FOVs. Top: median onset bootstrapped estimate. Middle: kernel density estimation of trial-to-trial motor thalamic response onsets. Bottom: raster of trial-to-trial population onsets (n = 297 trials from nine fields of view, N = 6 mice).

(G) Single-trial ΔF/F₀ population responses from nine different FOVs (one response per FOV). Black circles, population response onsets.