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. 2021 Jan 9;5:100146. doi: 10.1016/j.ajpc.2021.100146

Table 1.

Studies reporting exercise or physical activity interventions in coronary artery disease patients.

CAD status Author; year Study design N Follow-up Control group Intervention group Symptomatic outcomes (e.g. 6MWT, QoL) LVEF Prognostic outcomes (e.g. hospitalizations)
Stable CAD The difference between baseline and follow-up: intervention vs. control group
or recent ACS/revasc Anderson et al., 2016 Meta-analysis 14 ​486 >6mo Usual care Exe int. QoL:
Improved		 Hospitalizations: −28%
CVD mortality: −26%
Total mortality:
No difference
or PCI Gomes-Neto et al., 2017 Meta-analysis 609 Exe int HIIT int VO2 peak:
+1.3 ​ml/kg/min
QoL:
No difference
Hambrecht et al., 2004 RCT 101 12mo PCI Exe int. (no PCI) VO2peak: +3.6 vs. +0.5 ​ml/kg/min Ischemia-free survival:
+26%
Total mortality: No difference
Maddison et al., 2015 RCT 171 6mo Usual care PA int. Daily walking time: +63 vs. −56 ​min
Oerkild et al., 2012 RCT 40 12mo Usual care Exe int. 6MWT at 3mo:
+12% vs. +3%
QoL:
No difference
or recent ACS/revasc Rawstorn et al., 2016 Meta-analysis 1189 3mo Usual care
Exe int		 Telehealth Exe int PA:Improved
VO2 peak:
No difference
Post-ACS
Briffa et al., 2005 RCT 113 12mo Usual care Exe int. QoL:
Improved
and PCI
or CABG		 Frederix et al., 2015 RCT 80 18 week Usual care PA int. VO2peak: +4 vs. +1 ​ml/kg/min Hospitalizations: -53%
La Rovere et al., 2002 RCT 95 10y Usual care Exe int. CVD mortality:
12% vs. 26%
Lawler et al., 2011 RCT 6111 3mo – 5y Usual care Exe int. Mortality: −26%
CVD mortality: −40%
Marchionni et al., 2003 RCT 270 14mo Usual care Exe int. In 1. Hospital or 2. Home QoL:
Improved in older patients
Total work capacity:
Improved (both in hospital and home –based)
Reid et al., 2012 RCT 223 12mo Usual care PA int. Daily step count:
7392 vs. 6750
Xu et al., 2016 RCT 52 4 week Usual care Exe int. LVEF: +4.1% vs. −1.7%
or PCI Yu et al., 2004 RCT 269 24mo Usual care Exe int. QoL:
Improved		 Re-PCI: 13% vs. 26%
Total mortality: No difference
Wang et al., 2012 RCT 160 6mo Usual care Exe int. QoL:
Improved
Depression: No difference
West et al., 2012 RCT 1813 24mo Usual care Exe int. No difference in any outcome above.
Post-PCI/CABG
PCI Belardinelli et al., 2001 RCT 118 33mo Usual care Exe int. VO2 peak:
+5 vs. −1 ​ml/kg/min
QoL:
Improved		 Hospitalizations: −60%
Restenosis:
No difference
CABG Moholdt et al., 2009 RCT 59 6mo Exe int. Aerobic interval int. VO2peak at 6mo:
18.8% vs. 12.6%
PCI Munk et al., 2009 RCT 40 6mo Usual care Exe int. VO2peak:
16.8% vs. 7.8%		 Late luminal loss:
0.1 vs. 0.4 ​mm
CABG Mutwalli et al., 2012 RCT 49 6mo Usual care Exe int. QoL:
Improved
PCI Higgins et al., 2001 RCT 99 12mo Usual care Exe int. Functional capability:
Improved
Sick leave:
Shorter

Abbreviations: ACS: Acute coronary syndrome; CABG: Coronary artery bypass grafting; CAD: Coronary artery disease; CVD: Cardiovascular disease; Exe int: Interventions based on structured or supervised exercise sessions; HIIT: High-intensity interval training; LVEF: Left ventricular ejection fraction; N: Number of study participants; PA: Physical activity; PA Int: Intervention based on patient’s daily PA goals of which fulfillment is monitored; PCI: Percutaneous coronary intervention; QoL: Quality of life; RCT: Randomized controlled trial; Rehab.: Rehabilitation; Rehosp.: Rehospitalizations; Revasc: Revascularization; Review: Review of RCTs; VO2peak: Maximal oxygen consumption; 6MWT: 6-min walk test; +: Increased/Improved; -: Decreased.