Table 1.
PET Tracers for vascular inflammation imaging.
| Tracer | Molecular target | Comments |
|---|---|---|
| FDG | GLUT transporters | Activated cells and macrophages |
| 18F-fluoromethylcholine | Choline analogues | Correlates with phospholipid metabolism in many cell types |
| 68Ga-DOTATATE | Somatostatin receptor 2 | Surrogate to M1 macrophages activity |
| 64Cu-DOTATATE | Somatostatin receptor 2 | Surrogate to M1 macrophages activity |
| 68Ga-DOTATATE | Somatostatin receptor 2 | Surrogate to M1 macrophages activity |
| 68Ga-pentixafor | CXCR4 | CXCR4 present on lymphocytes and monocytes/macrophages |
| 11C-PK11195 | Translocator protein | Surrogate to macrophages activity |
| 11C-PK11195 | Translocator protein | Surrogate to macrophages activity |
| 18F-fluorothymidine | Thymidine analog | Different inflammatory cell type proliferation |
| 18F–4V | VCAM-1 | Endothelial cells expressing VCAM-1 |
Abbreviations: FDG, 18F-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose; GLUT, glucose transporter; DOTATATE, [1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-N,N′,N″,N‴-tetraacetic acid]-d-Phe1,Tyr3-octreotate; CXCR, CX chemokine receptor; VCAM, Vascular cell adhesion molecule.