Table 1. Summary of severe disease datasets used in our analyses.

For age and parasite density, we show the median values as the distributions are highly skewed. *For the FEAST trial, the severe malaria reference dataset only included platelet and white count data from the 121 patients who had PfHRP2 >1000 ng/mL and >1000 parasites per μL. IQR: interquartile range.

	Bangladesh-Thailand	Vietnam	FEAST (Uganda)	Kenya
Description	Observational studies of severe malaria	Randomised controlled trials in severe malaria	Randomised controlled trial in severe febrile illness	Observational severe malaria cohort
Purpose	Reference data	Reference data	Reference data* and Figure 1B	Testing data
Published references	Leopold et al., 2019	Hien et al., 1996; Phu et al., 2010	Maitland et al., 2011	MalariaGEN Consortium et al., 2018
$n$	653	930	567	2220
Age (years, range)	28 (2–80)	30 (15–79)	2.1 (0–12)	2.3 (0–13)
Parasite density (per μL, IQR)	48,984 (8289–187,395)	83,084 (13,047–316,512)	400 (0–53,200)	72,000 (6208–315,250)
Mortality (%)	18.2	12.9	11.3	11.6