TABLE 1.
Antibiotic | MIC (μg/ml) | Control |
1/4 MIC |
1/2 MIC |
1/2 MIC + EDA |
||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CF | Fold change | CF | Fold change | CF | Fold change | CF | Fold change | ||
Ciprofloxacin | 0.004 | 1.1 × 100 ± 1.2 × 100 | 1 | 3.3 × 100 ± 2.8 × 100 | 3.3 | 2.1 × 101 ± 1.9 × 101 | 21 | 3.2 × 100 ± 3.7 × 100 | 3.2 |
Levofloxacin | 0.032 | 7 × 10−1 ± 5 × 10−1 | 1 | 4.3 × 100 ± 4.8 × 100 | 6 | 2.6 × 101 ± 9.8 × 101 | 37 | 5.3 × 100 ± 3.7 × 100 | 7.5 |
Trimethoprim | 0.06 | 4 × 10−1 ± 1.2 × 10−1 | 1 | 4 × 100 ± 2.8 × 100 | 10 | 4.4 × 100 ± 2.3 × 100 | 11 | 2.5 × 100 ± 2 × 10−1 | 6 |
Fosfomycin | 4 | 6 × 10−1 ± 1.1 × 10−1 | 1 | 1.6 × 100 ± 9 × 10−1 | 2.7 | 4.4 × 100 ± 1.8 × 100 | 7.3 | 1.3 × 100 ± 4.5 × 10−1 | 2.2 |
Amoxicillin | >512 | 7.5 × 10−1 ± 3.4 × 10−1 | 1 | 2 × 100 ± 9.8 × 10−1 | 2.7 | 2.3 × 100 ± 7.5 × 10−1 | 3 | 9.5 × 10−1 ± 7 × 10−2 | 1.3 |
Amoxicillin/clavulanic acidb | 4 | 1.8 × 100 ± 1 × 100 | 1 | 2.2 × 101 ± 1.6 × 101 | 12.2 | 2.4 × 101 ± 1.8 × 101 | 13 | 1.3 × 101 ± 1 × 101 | 7.2 |
Nitrofurantoin | 4 | 2.8 × 10−1 ± 2.5 × 10−1 | 1 | 1.4 × 101 ± 1.1 × 101 | 50 | 3 × 101 ± 9.8 × 100 | 107 | 1.5 × 101 ± 4.2 × 100 | 50 |
Cefalexin | 512 | 7.6 × 10−1 ± 2.7 × 10−1 | 1 | 1.6 × 100 ± 1.2 × 100 | 2.1 | 5 × 100 ± 2.5 × 100 | 6.6 | 1.5 × 100 ± 1.2 × 100 | 2 |
Azithromycin | 2 | 2.3 × 100 ± 6.6 × 10−1 | 1 | 3.3 × 100 ± 1.4 × 100 | 1.4 | 3.2 × 100 ± 1.5 × 100 | 1.4 | 2.9 × 100 ± 9.8 × 10−1 | 1.3 |
Sulfonamides | 32 | 9 × 10−1 ± 3 × 10−1 | 1 | 1.1 × 100 ± 1.3 × 100 | 1.2 | 1.7 × 100 ± 1.7 × 100 | 1.8 | 9 × 10−1 ± 9 × 10−1 | 1 |
Tetracycline | 2 | 9 × 10−1 ± 3 × 10−1 | 1 | 1.3 × 100 ± 1.3 × 100 | 1.4 | 1.2 × 100 ± 1.3 × 100 | 1.3 | 1.2 × 100 ± 1.1 × 100 | 1.3 |
Erythromycin | 32 | 4.4 × 100 ± 3.6 × 100 | 1 | 2.4 × 100 ± 2.2 × 100 | 0.5 | 4.1 × 100 ± 9.1 × 10−1 | 0.9 | 2.5 × 100 ± 2.8 × 10−1 | 0.6 |
Amikacin | 6 | 7.5 × 10−1 ± 3.4 × 10−1 | 1 | 1 × 100 ± 5.2 × 10−1 | 1.3 | 1.5 × 100 ± 7 × 10−2 | 1.9 | 8 × 10−1 ± 1.4 × 10−1 | 1 |
EDA, edaravone (0.1 mM); CF, conjugation frequency. Statistically significant fold changes are in bold (P < 0.05).
Fixed concentration of clavulanic acid at 2 μg/ml.