Table 1:
Enrolment characteristics Values indicate the number (percentage) or median (IQR).
| Characteristic | Uganda (n=175)* | South Africa (n=147)* | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BMI<30 (n=153) | BMI>=30 (n=21) | p-value | BMI<30 (n=103) | BMI>=30 (n=41) | p-value | |
| Age (years) | 30 (25, 39) | 37 (26, 45) | 0.26 | 34 (25, 42) | 38 (31, 43) | 0.05 |
| Female | 97 (63%) | 20 (95%) | 0.002 | 69 (67%) | 37 (90%) | 0.004 |
| Efavirenz-based cART | 153 (100%) | 21 (100%) | - | 84 (98%) | 31 (97%) | 0.99 |
| Married | 78 (51%) | 7 (33%) | 0.16 | 17 (17%) | 13 (32%) | 0.07 |
| High school education or more | 83 (54%) | 11 (52%) | 0.99 | 86 (84%) | 35 (85%) | 0.99 |
| Literacy in local language | 133 (87%) | 19 (91%) | 0.99 | 90 (89%) | 36 (90%) | 0.99 |
| 1st HIV+ test >30 days before enrolment | 99 (65%) | 15 (71%) | 0.63 | 62 (68%) | 28 (76%) | 0.52 |
| Regular income | 20 (13%) | 4 (19%) | 0.5 | 53 (52%) | 23 (56%) | 0.71 |
| Exchange sex for money | 12 (8%) | 4 (19%) | 0.11 | 2 (2%) | 0 (0%) | 0.99 |
| Severe food insecuritya | 60 (39%) | 4 (19%) | 0.09 | 64 (62%) | 26 (63%) | 0.99 |
| Probable depressionb | 33 (22%) | 2 (10%) | 0.26 | 47 (46%) | 27 (66%) | 0.041 |
| Heavy alcohol usec | 14 (9%) | 2 (10%) | 0.99 | 32 (31%) | 8 (20%) | 0.22 |
| Smokes cigarettes | 19 (12%) | 1 (5%) | 0.47 | 29 (28%) | 3 (7%) | 0.007 |
| Use of medication besides cART** | 135 (88%) | 21 (100%) | 0.13 | 17 (17%) | 10 (24%) | 0.34 |
| Stigma from concerns about disclosure of cART used | 4 (1, 6) | 3 (0, 5) | 0.47 | 3 (1, 6) | 4 (1, 6) | 0.3 |
| Stigma from perceived negative attitudes towards HIVe | 1 (0, 3) | 1 (0, 3) | 0.47 | 3 (1, 4) | 3 (0, 5) | 0.79 |
Severe food insecurity was defined according to the Household Food Insecurity Access Scale[16].
Scoring an average of ≥1.75 on the Hopkins Depression Symptoms checklist was considered probable depression[17].
An AUDIT score of ≥3 among females and ≥4 among males was considered heavy alcohol use[18].
Stigma from concerns about disclosure of cART use was scored on a scale of 0 to 5 with higher values indicating more stigma[19]
Stigma from perceived negative attitudes towards HIV was scored on a scale of 0 to 7 with higher values indicating more stigma[19]
Obesity information was missing for 4 participants; Uganda (n=1) and South Africa (n=3)
(e.g., sulfamethoxazole/ trimethoprim and anti-TB agents)