Table 2.

Adjusted odds ratios testing for differences in developmental patterns of e-cigarette use, by cohort and sociodemographic factors^b–e; the Texas Adolescent Tobacco and Marketing Surveillance System (TATAMS), Waves 1–9, 2014–2019

Table 2a. Past 30-day E-cigarette Use without Marijuana (Waves 1–9, 2014–2019; n=3,878)
	Pattern 2 (‘Early’ escalators) vs. Pattern 1 (Non-users)		Pattern 3 (‘Mid’ escalators) vs. Pattern 1 (Non-users)		Pattern 4 (‘Late’ escalators) vs. Pattern 1 (Non-users)
	AOR^a	95% CI	AOR^a	95% CI	AOR^a	95% CI
6^th grade cohort
*Gender*
Female	REF		REF		n/a	n/a
Male	1.567	(0.725 – 3.384)	0.942	(0.566 – 1.568)	n/a	n/a
*Race/ethnicity*
Non-Hispanic White	REF		REF		n/a	n/a
Non-Hispanic Black	0.738	(0.183 – 2.985)	0.235	(0.070 – 0.789)	n/a	n/a
Hispanic	1.106	(0.420 – 2.911)	0.664	(0.381 – 1.159)	n/a	n/a
Other	1.592	(0.516 – 4.908)	0.683	(0.324 – 1.440)	n/a	n/a
*SES*
Low	REF		REF		n/a	n/a
Middle	0.167	(0.074 – 0.378)	0.829	(0.375 – 1.830)	n/a	n/a
High	0.103	(0.028 – 0.371)	1.143	(0.490 – 2.664)	n/a	n/a
8^th grade cohort
*Gender*
Female	REF		REF		REF
Male	1.060	(0.711 – 1.579)	1.215	(0.854 – 1.727)	0.815	(0.405 – 1.638)
*Race/ethnicity*
Non-Hispanic White	REF		REF		REF
Non-Hispanic Black	1.006	(0.528 – 1.917)	0.168	(0.071 – 0.395)	0.000	(0.000 – Inf)
Hispanic	1.344	(0.826 – 2.186)	0.518	(0.342 – 0.785)	0.662	(0.294 – 1.490)
Other	1.094	(0.574 – 2.084)	0.647	(0.383 – 1.093)	1.203	(0.495 – 2.924)
*SES*
Low	REF				REF
Middle	0.989	(0.545 – 1.794)	0.926	(0.540 – 1.587)	1.246	(0.419 – 3.705)
High	1.324	(0.681 – 2.574)	1.073	(0.591 – 1.948)	1.012	(0.291 – 3.521)
10^th grade cohort
*Gender*
Female	REF		REF		REF
Male	2.666	(1.687 – 4.213)	1.382	(1.042 – 1.834)	1.126	(0.798 – 1.591)
*Race/ethnicity*
Non-Hispanic White	REF		REF		REF
Non-Hispanic Black	0.325	(0.168 – 0.628)	0.440	(0.279 – 0.695)	0.425	(0.249 – 0.727)
Hispanic	0.394	(0.235 – 0.661)	0.827	(0.588 – 1.164)	0.602	(0.396 – 0.915)
Other	0.308	(0.139 – 0.681)	0.701	(0.439 – 1.119)	0.781	(0.462 – 1.322)
*Socioeconomic status*
Low	REF		REF		REF
Middle	0.614	(0.360 – 1.048)	0.762	(0.531 – 1.094)	0.645	(0.425 – 0.979)
High	0.492	(0.239 – 1.012)	0.738	(0.466 – 1.172)	0.501	(0.284 – 0.884)

Table 2b. Past 30-day E-cigarette Use with Marijuana (Waves 3–9, 2015–2019; Waves 3–9, 2015–2019; n=2,733)
	Pattern 2 (Escalators) vs. Pattern 1 (Non-users)
	AOR^a	95% CI
6^th grade cohort
*Gender*
Female	REF
Male	0.687	(0.327 – 1.443)
*Race/ethnicity*
Non-Hispanic White	REF
Non-Hispanic Black	0.238	(0.030 – 1.886)
Hispanic	1.462	(0.672 – 3.180)
Other	0.853	(0.288 – 2.530)
*SES*
Low	REF
Middle	0.362	(0.164– 0.798)
High	0.428	(0.159 – 1.157)
8^th grade cohort
*Gender*
Female	REF
Male	0.866	(0.541 – 1.388)
*Race/ethnicity*
Non-Hispanic White	REF
Non-Hispanic Black	0.711	(0.301 – 1.679)
Hispanic	1.246	(0.718 – 2.162)
Other	0.863	(0.417 – 1.785)
*SES*
Low	REF
Middle	0.798	(0.428 – 1.486)
High	1.038	(0.486– 2.216)
10^th grade cohort
*Gender*
Female	REF
Male	1.336	(0.915 – 1.951)
*Race/ethnicity*
Non-Hispanic White	REF
Non-Hispanic Black	0.676	(0.370 – 1.232)
Hispanic	0.964	(0.605 – 1.534)
Other	1.014	(0.563 – 1.826)
*Socioeconomic status*
Low	REF
Middle	0.854	(0.542 – 1.344)
High	1.531	(0.827 – 2.834)

Models are adjusted for all sociodemographic variables (gender, race/ethnicity, SES).

To assess Cohort, participants were asked ‘What Grade are you in?’. The response options at Wave 1 were ‘6^th’, ‘7^th’, ‘8^th’, ‘9^th’, ‘10^th’, ‘11^th’ and ‘12^th’. All 7th, 11th, and 12th grade students were removed and all 9th grade students were classified as 10th grade. 6^th, 8^th and 10^th Grade students were retained in the survey (n=3907) and followed longitudinally as ‘6^th grade cohort,’ ‘8^th grade cohort’ and ‘10^th grade cohort.’

To assess Gender, participants were asked ‘What is your gender?’ and response options were ‘Male’ and ‘Female.’

To assess Race/ethnicity, participants were asked ‘Are you Hispanic or Latino/a?’ and ‘What race or races do you consider yourself to be?’ respectively. The response options (Hispanic, White, Black or African American, Asian, American Indian or Alaska Native, Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander and Other) were used to derive the measure of race/ethnicity (Non-Hispanic White, Non-Hispanic Black, Hispanic, Other).

To assess SES, participants were asked ‘In terms of income, what best describes your family’s standard of living in the home where you live most of the time?’ and the response options provided were ‘Very well off,’ ‘Living comfortably,’ ‘Just getting by,’ ‘Nearly poor’ and ‘Poor.’ ‘Very well off’ was categorized as ‘High SES.’ ‘Living comfortably’ was categorized as ‘Middle SES’ and ‘Just getting by.’ ‘Nearly poor’ and ‘Poor’ were combined to derive ‘Low SES.’

Models are adjusted for all sociodemographic variables (gender, race/ethnicity, SES).

To assess Gender, participants were asked ‘What is your gender?’ and response options were ‘Male’ and ‘Female.’