Fig. 4. Apicoplast-targeted genes are upregulated in response to heat shock.

a Apicoplast-targeted genes tend to be increased in response to HS (n = 39 upregulated vs. 12 downregulated genes) as compared to all non-apicoplast-targeted genes detected above threshold in RNAseq (n = 415 upregulated vs. 611 downregulated genes). Apicoplast-targeted genes are as defined in ref. ⁵⁶ (***two-tailed FDR-corrected Fisher test p-value < 1e−5). b Apicoplast-targeted genes tend to be highly essential during blood-stage vs. all other non-apicoplast-targeted genes detected above threshold in RNAseq. Median Mutagenesis Index Score (MIS) for apicoplast-targeted genes is much lower than median MIS for all other genes, indicating a lower tolerance for disruption and thus higher likely essentiality during blood-stage development than non-apicoplast-targeted genes (****two-tailed Wilcoxon test p-value < 1e−15). Boxplots are drawn to present an interquartile range of values (IQR). Lower bound of each box = 1st quartile, middle line = median, upper bound = 3rd quartile, and whiskers extend to at most 1.5× IQR. c Apicoplast pathways regulated in response to HS. GO categories enriched in upregulated and downregulated apicoplast genes are shown on a scale from red to blue, respectively. The horizontal direction indicates the log-ratio between upregulated and downregulated apicoplast genes in each category. Circle size represents the number of genes per category. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.