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. 2021 Jul 27;12:4543. doi: 10.1038/s41467-021-24482-1

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 6 — a Heatmap demonstrating expression levels of IFN-stimulated genes (ISG) in asymptomatic (n = 64), mild (n = 64), severe (n = 34), and critical (n = 16) COVID-19 patients. b Quantification of ISG scores (measured by the mean expression of genes mentioned in Fig. 6a) in asymptomatic (n = 64), mild (n = 64), severe (n = 34), and critical (n = 16) COVID-19 patients. We performed comparisons between arbitrary two groups. P values were calculated using Wald test (two-sided) and significant P values were shown in boxplot. The bold lines, upper boundaries and lower boundaries of notches represent the medians, 75th percentiles and 25th percentiles, respectively. Whiskers extend 1.5 times interquartile range (IQR). * means adjusted P value ≤ 0.05, ** means adjusted P value ≤ 0.01, *** means adjusted P value ≤ 0.001 and **** means P ≤ 0.0001, if not indicated, means adjusted P value > 0.05. Multiple comparisons adjustment was performed using Benjamini-Hochberg (BH) method. Exact P value and source data were included in the Source Data file. c Heatmap of mRNA of IFN and IFN receptors in asymptomatic (n = 64), mild (n = 64), severe (n = 34), and critical (n = 16) COVID-19 patients. d Heatmap of mRNA of upstream regulators of IFN signaling in asymptomatic (n = 64), mild (n = 64), severe (n = 34), and critical (n = 16) COVID-19 patients. e Gene regulatory sub-network of IFN and IFN receptors. Nodes were colored based on mRNA expression abundance, which was scaled in different groups, and size of nodes corresponds to degree centrality. Color and size of edges represent whether a regulation relationship for each pair exists in different groups.