Table 2.
Cox regression analysis based on all variables for cancer-specific survival (Training Cohort).
| Characteristics | Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysis | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR (95% Cl) | P-value | HR (95% Cl) | P-value | |
| Age, years | ||||
| 60–69 | Reference | Reference | ||
| 70–79 | 1.061 (1.022–1.101) | 0.002 | 1.115 (1.073–1.157) | <0.001 |
| ≥80 | 1.494 (1.432–1.560) | <0.001 | 1.261 (1.205–1.320) | <0.001 |
| Sex, n | ||||
| Female | Reference | Reference | ||
| Male | 1.418 (1.373–1.465) | <0.001 | 1.354 (1.309–1.401) | <0.001 |
| Race, n | ||||
| White | Reference | Reference | ||
| Black | 1.182 (1.119–1.247) | <0.001 | 0.936 (0.886–0.989) | 0.019 |
| Asian or Pacific Islander | 0.905 (0.850–0.964) | 0.002 | 0.749 (0.703–0.798) | <0.001 |
| American Indian/Alaska Native | 1.402 (1.103–1.783) | 0.006 | 1.070 (0.841–1.361) | 0.582 |
| Marital status, n | ||||
| Married | Reference | Reference | ||
| Single | 1.142 (1.105–1.181) | <0.001 | 1.093 (1.055–1.132) | <0.001 |
| Unknown | 0.938 (0.859–1.026) | 0.161 | 0.970 (0.887–1.060) | 0.500 |
| Primary Site, n | ||||
| Main bronchus | Reference | Reference | ||
| Upper lobe | 0.290 (0.262–0.322) | <0.001 | 0.697 (0.628–0.773) | <0.001 |
| Middle lobe | 0.280 (0.246–0.317) | <0.001 | 0.709 (0.625–0.805) | <0.001 |
| Lower lobe | 0.288 (0.259–0.320) | <0.001 | 0.752 (0.677–0.836) | <0.001 |
| Overlapping lesion | 0.452 (0.379–0.538) | <0.001 | 0.948 (0.795–1.130) | 0.553 |
| NOS | 0.763 (0.680–0.855) | <0.001 | 0.812 (0.722–0.913) | <0.001 |
| Lateral, n | ||||
| One side | Reference | Reference | ||
| Bilateral | 3.178 (2.851–3.542) | <0.001 | 0.949 (0.842–1.070) | 0.395 |
| Grade, n | ||||
| I | Reference | Reference | ||
| II | 1.582 (1.496–1.673) | <0.001 | 1.372 (1.296–1.451) | <0.001 |
| III | 3.466 (3.286–3.656) | <0.001 | 1.921 (1.818–2.029) | <0.001 |
| IV | 3.295 (2.809–3.866) | <0.001 | 1.818 (1.549–2.135) | <0.001 |
| AJCC Stage, n | ||||
| I | Reference | Reference | ||
| II | 2.411 (2.246–2.588) | <0.001 | 2.637 (2.454–2.834) | <0.001 |
| III | 4.966 (4.690–5.257) | <0.001 | 4.318 (4.053–4.601) | <0.001 |
| IV | 12.774 (12.154–13.427) | <0.001 | 8.141 (7.654–8.658) | <0.001 |
| Surgery, n | ||||
| Yes | Reference | Reference | ||
| No | 6.566 (6.314–6.828) | <0.001 | 2.833 (2.692–2.982) | <0.001 |
| Radiation, n | ||||
| Yes | Reference | Reference | ||
| No | 0.530 (0.513–0.548) | <0.001 | 1.084 (1.045–1.124) | <0.001 |
| Chemotherapy, n | ||||
| Yes | Reference | Reference | ||
| No | 0.588 (0.569–0.607) | <0.001 | 1.877 (1.809–1.948) | <0.001 |
| Insurance, n | ||||
| Insured | Reference | Reference | ||
| Uninsured | 1.312 (1.247–1.380) | <0.001 | 1.092 (1.037–1.151) | <0.001 |
AJCC, the American joint committee for cancer; HR, hazard ratio; NOS, not otherwise specified lung cancer.