Table 3.

Parameter estimates for Univariate growth models of neural and behavioral cognitive control.

	Fronto-parietal regions			rACC			Intraindividual SD
	Est	S.E.	Est/S.E	Est.	S.E.	Est/S.E	Est.	S.E.	Est/S.E
Shape factor loadings
Time 1	0=			0=			0=
Time 2	0.715*	.102	7.010	0.476*	.111	4.289	0.576*	.048	11.976
Time 3	0.912*	.123	7.402	1.160*	.147	7.889	0.806*	.052	15.431
Time 4	1=			1=			1=
Means
Intercept factor	0=			−0.526*	.034	−15.558	0.240*	.003	75.556
Shape factor	−0.258*	.033	−7.802	0.223*	.042	5.306	−0.059*	.004	−15.896
Factor Variances
Intercept factor	0.036*	.013	2.878	0.087*	.023	3.787	0.001*	.000	4.267
Shape factor	0.009	.016	0.547	0.092*	.034	2.686	0.000	.000	1.375
Factor Covariance
Intercept↔Shape	−0.015	.012	−1.189	−0.074*	.025	−2.931	0.000	.000	0.072

Note. rACC = the rostral anterior cingulate cortex; Est. = Estimate; S.E. = standard error; “=” fixed parameters. The ratio Est/S.E. can be viewed as a Z value.

^*p < .05.