TABLE 4.

Genes associated with risperidone pharmacokinetics or pharmacodynamics.

Risperidone
Pharmacokinetics
Gene	Variant	Association	Associated	Not associated
CYP2D6	IM	↑[Risperidone]plasma	(Novalbos et al., 2010; Ito et al., 2018; Oshikoya et al., 2019)	Kang et al. (2009)
		↑Risperidone/9-hydroxyrisperidone ratio
		↑Adverse effects, ↑Extrapyramidal effects
	PM	↑Cmax, ↑Tmax	(Jovanović et al., 2010; Cabaleiro et al., 2014; Oshikoya et al., 2019)	Kang et al. (2009)
		↑Adverse effects
		↓9-hydroxyrisperidone AUC
CYP3A5	*3/*3	↑[Risperidone]plasma, ↑[9-hydroxyrisperidone]plasma, ↑Active moiety	Kang et al. (2009)	(Vandenberghe et al., 2015; Ganoci et al., 2016)
ABCB1	rs1045642	↑Weight gain, ↑Extrapyramidal symptoms, ↑Risperidone and 9-hydroxyrisperidone Cl	(Kuzman et al., 2008; Jovanović et al., 2010; Saiz-Rodríguez et al., 2018)	(Xing et al., 2006; Yasui-Furukori et al., 2007)
	rs2032582	↑Weight gain	(Kuzman et al., 2008; Jovanović et al., 2010)	(Xing et al., 2006; Yasui-Furukori et al., 2007)
		↑Extrapyramidal symptoms
	rs1128503	↑Response to risperidone	Xing et al. (2006)
COMT	rs9606186	↑Efficacyy in male patients	Zhao et al. (2012)
	rs165599	↑Efficacy on negative symptoms	Han et al. (2017)
Pharmacodynamics
5-HTR2C	rs3813929	No effect		(Ikeda et al., 2008; Kuzman et al., 2008; Alladi et al., 2019)
	rs518147	No effect		Ikeda et al. (2008)
5-HTR2A	rs6313	↑Response for negative symptoms	Lane et al. (2002)	Alladi et al. (2019)
	rs6311	No effect		Alladi et al. (2019)
DRD2	rs1800497	↑Improvement in PANSS scale, ↑Prolactin levels	(López-Rodríguez et al., 2011; Brennan, 2014)	Alladi et al. (2019)
	rs1799732	No effect		Alladi et al. (2019)
	rs1801028	↑Efficacy on negative symptoms	Han et al. (2017)
	rs1799978	↑Improvement in PANSS scale	Ikeda et al. (2008)
	rs1801028	↑Response to risperidone	Lane et al. (2004)
DRD3	rs6280	↑Response to risperidone	Firouzabadi et al. (2017)	Ikeda et al. (2008)