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. 2021 Jul 26;13(7):914–933. doi: 10.4252/wjsc.v13.i7.914

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©The Author(s) 2021. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.

This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/

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Overview of stem cell-based strategies to treat kidney disease. Different types of stem cell were explored for their ability to treat kidney disease. One strategy was to direct the differentiation of stem cells into kidney component cells in vitro or in vivo to replace the injured or damaged cells. Other strategies were to transplant stem cells or stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles to generate paracrine effect/endocrine effect, and to use kidney organoid formation to replace whole kidney organ.