Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2021 Jul 26;13(7):795–824. doi: 10.4252/wjsc.v13.i7.795

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

©The Author(s) 2021. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.

This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/

PMC Copyright notice

The complexity of hepatocellular carcinoma and its microenvironment. A: Hepatocellular carcinoma and its tumor microenvironment are composed of various cell populations, including differentiated cancer cells, cancer stem cells, cancer associated fibroblasts, immune and endothelial cells; B: Programmed death-1 and programmed death ligand 1 interaction and inhibition by neutralizing antibodies in tumor growth. PD-1: Programmed death-1; PD-L1: Programmed death ligand 1; CSC: Cancer stem cells; CAF: Cancer associated fibroblast; ECM: Extracellular matrix; NK: Natural killer.