Table 1.

Cases of interstitial lung disease associated acute respiratory failure

Case	Sex (f/m)	Age (years)	Smoking (Y\N)	Comorbidity/history	Diagnosis	CT findings	Pathology	BAL	Antibiotics	Therapy (cd)	In-hospital outcome, cause of death
1	F	62	Y	Dermato-myositis PMH: Breast cancer	Anti-MDA5 dermato-myositis	OP with architectural distortion	N/A	ng	Augmentin, ceftazidimea	MPSb 1 g CYCc 600 mg/m2	Death, progressive respiratory failure
2	M	60	N	UCTD AF, DM, OSAS	UCTD-ILD	OP with architectural distortion	N/A	ng	SDD	MPS 3 g CYC 600 mg/m2	Survival
3	F	60	N	AVNRT	Medium-size-artery vasculitis	Diffuse GGO and consolidation	Vasculitis DAH	ng	SDD	MPS 6 g CYC 750 mg/m2 IVIG	Survival
4	M	41	N	GPA	GPA	Diffuse GGO	Eosinophilic necrotizing granulomatous inflammation	ng	SDD	MPS 3 g Continuous oral CYC 2 mg/kg Plasmapheresis	Survival
5	F	40	N	Neuro-fibromatosis type 1 RA	ANCA-negative small vessel vasculitis	Diffuse GGO	Vasculitis DAH	ng	SDD	MPS 12 g CYC 750 mg/m2 IVIG Plasmapheresis	Death MOF
6	M	61	N	None	Methotrexate-induced lung injury	Fibrotic NSIP	N/A	ng	SDD moxifloxacina	MPS 3 g CYC 600 mg/m2	Survival
7	M	55	Y	Alcoholism, coronary heart disease	AIP	Diffuse GGO with architectural distorsion	N/A	ng	Augmentin Doxycyclinea	MPS 3 g CYC 500 mg/m2 ECLA	Death Progressive respiratory failure
8	M	44	Y	SLE	SLE-related ILD	NSIP	N/A	CMV	Ganciclovir SDD	MPS 3 g CYC 600 mg/m2 Plasmapheresis	Survival
9	M	72	Y	Poliomyelitis PMH: esophageal carcinoma	AIP	Diffuse GGO with architectural distorsion	N/A	ng	Oseltamivir Ceftriaxone Erythromycinea	MPS 3 g CYC 600 mg/m2	Survival
10	M	52	N	MCTD PMH: NHL	MCTD-ILD	NSIP	NA	S.aureus	SDD flucloxacillin	MPS 3 g CYC 500 mg/m2	Survival
11	F	38	N	SLE	SLE	Diffuse GGO	N/A	ng	Ceftriaxone Azithromycina	MPS 3 g Plasmapheresis CYC 750 mg/m2	Survival
12	F	68	Y	PMH: breast cancer and esophageal carcinoma	Unclassified ILD	Unclassified ILD with signs of fibrosis	Fibrosis with organization	ng	SDD	MPS 6 g CYC 600 mg/m2	Death Progressive respiratory failure
13	M	71	Y	AF, HPT, RA	AIP	Diffuse GGO, with architectural distorsion	DAD	ng	Ceftriaxone Ciprofloxacina	MPS 3 g CYC 750 mg/m2	Survival
14	M	54	Y	DM PMH: Hodgkin lymphoma	EAA	Diffuse GGO	N/A	ng	SDD	MPS 3 g CYC 600 mg/m2	Death Blocked tracheostomy Progressive respiratory failure
15	M	56	Y	DM, HPT, COPD	Unclassified ILD	Unclassified ILD with signs of fibrosis	DAD	ng	Augmentin Ciprofloxacina	MPS 3 g CYC 600 mg/m2	Death

AF, atrial fibrillation; AIP, acute interstitial pneumonia; ANCA, anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody; AVNRT, atrioventricular nodal reentry tachycardia; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; cd, cumulative dose; CT, computed tomography; CYC, cyclophosphamide; DAD, diffuse alveolar damage; DAH, diffuse alveolar hemorrhage; DM, diabetes mellitus; EAA, extrinsic allergic alveolitis; ECLA, extra corporeal lung assist; GGO, ground glass opacity; GPA, granulomatosis with polyangiitis; HPT, hypertension; ICU, intensive care unit; ILD, interstitial lung disease; IVIG, intravenous immunoglobulin; LOS, length of stay; MCTD, mixed connective tissue disease; MOF, multiple organ failure; MPS, methylprednisolone; N/A, not applicable; ng, no growth; NHL, non-Hodgkin lymphoma; NSIP, non-specific interstitial pneumonia; OP, organizing pneumonia; OSAS, obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome; PMH, past medical history; RA, rheumatoid arthritis; SDD, selective digestive decontamination; SLE, systemic lupus erythematosus; UCTD-ILD, undifferentiated connective tissue disease associated interstitial lung disease

^aEmpirical antibiotic therapy

^bMPS 1000 mg/day for 3 days

^cCyclophosphamide single dose