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. 2021 May 25;37(13):1785–1795. doi: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btab017

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© The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Fig. 1. — Typical variant calling bioinformatics pipeline composed of steps following NGS sequencing leading to the visualization of data is presented in the middle panel. The variant calling bioinformatics pipeline is contained within the data pre-processing and data analysis stages of a much larger bioinformatics-based research study as illustrated in the upper panel. Data file formats at each step are presented in the lower panel (Al Kawam et al., 2017; Lightbody et al., 2019). *Platform-specific raw sequence output either .BAM or .FASTQ or .HDF5 (NCBI, 2019).