TABLE 1.
Characteristics of HIV-positive Women Who Delivered at 2 Health Facilities in Manzini (N = 1669), Infants Delivered (N = 1697) and Infants Who Received Birth Testing (N =1480), Eswatini, October 2017–March 2018 (Intensive Phase)
| All | Mankayane Government Hospital | Raleigh Fitkin Memorial Hospital | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | % | N | % | N | % | |
| 1669 | 100.0 | 406 | 24.3 | 1263 | 75.7 | |
| Age, median years (IQR) | 29 (24–33) | 28 (24–32) | 29 (24–33) | |||
| 14–19 | 78 | 4.7 | 18 | 4.4 | 60 | 4.8 |
| 20–25 | 445 | 26.7 | 115 | 28.3 | 330 | 26.1 |
| 26–40 | 1111 | 66.6 | 268 | 66.0 | 843 | 66.7 |
| >40 | 29 | 1.7 | 5 | 1.2 | 24 | 1.9 |
| Missing | 6 | 0.4 | 0 | 0.0 | 6 | 0.5 |
| Parity, median (IQR) | 2 (1–3) | 2 (1–2) | 1 (1–2) | |||
| First live delivery (parity = 1) | 246 | 14.8 | 72 | 17.7 | 174 | 13.8 |
| Missing | 4 | 0.2 | 0 | 0.0 | 4 | 0.3 |
| HIV status at L&D | ||||||
| Known HIV+ | 1640 | 98.3 | 403 | 99.3 | 1237 | 97.9 |
| Previously negative | 14 | 0.8 | 3 | 0.7 | 11 | 0.9 |
| Unknown | 15 | 0.9 | 0 | 0.0 | 15 | 1.2 |
| ART status | ||||||
| ART during ANC* | 1603 | 960 | 386 | 95.1 | 1217 | 96.4 |
| Initiated in L&D | 35 | 2.1 | 6 | 1.5 | 29 | 2.3 |
| Not on ART | 7 | 0.4 | 0 | 0.0 | 7 | 0.6 |
| Incomplete/missing | 24 | 1.4 | 14 | 3.4 | 10 | 0.8 |
| HEI delivered (including twins) | 1697 | 100.0 | 412 | 24.3 | 1285 | 75.7 |
| Infant NVP administered in L&D | ||||||
| Started in L&D | 1580 | 93.1 | 378 | 91.7 | 1202 | 93.5 |
| Not given | 69 | 4.1 | 6 | 1.5 | 63 | 4.9 |
| Incomplete/missing | 48 | 2.8 | 28 | 6.8 | 20 | 1.6 |
| Mode of delivery | ||||||
| Vaginal | 1404 | 82.7 | 326 | 79.1 | 1078 | 83.9 |
| Cesarean section | 190 | 11.2 | 60 | 14.6 | 130 | 10.1 |
| Born before admission | 103 | 6.1 | 26 | 6.3 | 77 | 6.0 |
| Live births | 1639 | 96.6 | 399 | 96.8 | 1240 | 96.5 |
| Infant sex (live infants) | ||||||
| Male | 838 | 51.1 | 200 | 50.1 | 638 | 51.5 |
| Female | 787 | 48.0 | 196 | 49.1 | 591 | 47.7 |
| Missing | 14 | 0.9 | 3 | 0.8 | 11 | 0.9 |
| Median birth weight, kg (IQR) (live infants) | 3.1 (2.8–3.4) | 3.1 (2.7–3.4) | 3.1 (2.8–3.4) | |||
| Infant feeding initiated | ||||||
| Exclusive breastfeeding | 1613 | 98.4 | 396 | 99.2 | 1217 | 98.1 |
| Exclusive replacement | 16 | 1.0 | 1 | 0.3 | 15 | 1.2 |
| Missing | 10 | 0.6 | 2 | 0.5 | 8 | 0.6 |
| Infants tested at birth (% out of all live born HEI) | 1480 | 90.3 | 317 | 79.4 | 1163 | 93.7 |
| Infants test results in maternity register | 1449 | 97.9 | 310 | 97.8 | 1139 | 97.9 |
| Birth test results October 2017–March 2018 | ||||||
| Negative | 1450 | 98.0 | 315 | 99.4 | 1135 | 97.6 |
| Positive | 5 | 0.3 | 0 | 0.0 | 5 | 0.4 |
| Indeterminate | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 |
| Results not documented | 25 | 1.7 | 2 | 0.6 | 23 | 2.0 |
| Median days from date of test to results returned to postnatal ward (IQR) | 12 (8–17) | 12 (7–17) | 12 (7–17) | |||
| Median days from date of test to results returned to postnatal ward for HIV+ infants (IQR) | 9 (9–13) | N/A | 9 (9–13) | |||
| Calls to NMRL hotline | 268 | 18.1% | 55 | 17.4% | 213 | 18.3% |
| Calls from within Manzini | 236 | 88.1% | 47 | 85.5% | 189 | 88.7% |
| Calls from outside Manzini | 32 | 11.9% | 8 | 14.5% | 24 | 11.3% |
| Median time from DOB to results call (days) | 20 (8–44) | 13 (8–42) | 32 (8–45) | |||
*
“ART during ANC” includes women on ART who became pregnant and continued ART during pregnancy and women newly identified as HIV-positive during pregnancy who initiated ART.
ANC indicates antenatal care; L&D, labor and delivery; NVP, nevirapine.