Table 8.

Multivariate Linear Regression Analysis of Insomnia Severity Scores during the COVID19 Pandemic

	n (%)	B (95% CI)	Standardized Beta	t-value	p-value
(Constant)		2.053 (0.413 to 3.693)		2.455	0.014
Gender = Female	1953 (64.40)	0.180 (− 0.199 to 0.560)	.014	.930	0.352
Age (years)		−0.069 (− 0.086 to − 0.052)	−0.129	−7.983	< 0.001
Occupation		0.111 (−0.020 to 0.242)	0.025	1.665	0.096
Had contact with a suspected or confirmed COVID-19 case = Yes/Unsure	967 (31.89)	0.235 (−0.106 to 0.576)	0.020	1.349	0.177
History of chronic medical illness = Yes	669 (22.06)	0.580 (0.141 to 1.020)	0.039	2.592	0.010
History of depressive disorders = Yes	317 (10.46)	0.876 (0.266 to 1.487)	0.043	2.816	0.005
History of sleep disorders = Yes	95 (3.13)	4.621 (3.598 to 5.644)	0.130	8.857	< 0.001
Believes a person have COVID-19 without having had contact with someone carrying the virus = yes	1268 (41.82)	0.255 (− 0.100 to 0.611)	0.020	1.408	0.159
Believes shortness of breath is a symptom of COVID-19 = yes	2920 (96.30)	0.759 (−0.198 to 1.716)	0.023	1.554	0.120
Believes not touching one’s face prevents COVID-19 = Yes	2621 (86.44)	0.657 (0.105 to 1.209)	0.036	2.332	0.020
Believes using tissues when sneezing prevents COVID19 = Yes	2594 (85.55)	−0.660 (− 1.197 to − 0.123)	−0.037	−2.409	0.016
DASS-21 Anxiety Subscale Score		0.146 (0.104 to 0.188)	0.142	6.782	< 0.001
DASS-21 Depression Subscale Score		0.183 (0.150 to 0.215)	0.243	10.868	< 0.001
Intolerance of Uncertainty scores (IUS)		0.087 (0.066 to 0.109)	0.148	7.996	< 0.001
Problem-based coping composite score (Brief COPE)		−0.098 (−0.253 to 0.056)	− 0.021	−1.248	0.212
Emotion-based coping composite score (Brief COPE)		0.704 (0.445 to 0.963)	0.102	5.335	< 0.001

Dependent Variable: Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) Scores, Model statistical significance: F (16, 3014) = 119.70, p < 0.001, R² = 0.623, R²Adjusted = 0. 385