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. 2021 Jul 14;11:688461. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2021.688461

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Copyright © 2021 Xu, Kong, Fang, Fan, Yin, Sullivan, Tran, Clark, Sun, Hao, Zhao, Zhou and Bae-Jump

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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ASP induced cellular stress in OC cells. Effects of ASP on ROS, JC-1 and TMRE products were measured by ELISA assays. ASP significantly increased the levels of ROS and decreased JC-1 and TRME products in both cell lines compared to the control-treated cells after 8 hours of treatment (A–C). The results from Western blotting analysis showed that ASP increased the expression of the cellular stress related proteins in both cell lines after treatment for 24 hours, including PERK, Bip, ATF4, Calnexin and PDI (D). *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01.