Table 3.
Multivariate Cox proportional hazard model: relationship between overall mortality and explanatory variables in older people receiving physician-led home visits in Japan 2013–2017
| Complete case analysis (n = 663) | Multiple imputation (n = 825) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adjusted HR [95% CI] | P-value | Adjusted HR [95% CI] | P-value | |
| Sex (female/male = 1/0) | 0.69 [0.53–0.90] | 0.01 | 0.62 [0.50–0.78] | <0.01 |
| Age (years) | 1.01 [0.99–1.03] | 0.32 | 1.01 [0.99–1.02] | 0.29 |
| CCI | ||||
| 0–1 | Reference | Reference | ||
| 2 | 1.28 [0.89–1.84] | 0.19 | 1.19 [0.86–1.64] | 0.29 |
| 3–4 | 1.29 [0.91–1.84] | 0.16 | 1.19 [0.87–1.63] | 0.27 |
| ≥5 | 4.40 [3.08–6.29] | <0.01 | 4.00 [2.97–5.40] | <0.01 |
| Serum albumin level (g/dl) | ||||
| 0–3 | Reference | Reference | ||
| 3.1–3.5 | 0.62 [0.45–0.85] | <0.01 | 0.60 [0.46–0.79] | <0.01 |
| 3.6–3.9 | 0.70 [0.48–1.02] | 0.07 | 0.68 [0.49–0.95] | 0.03 |
| ≥4 | 0.38 [0.25–0.57] | <0.01 | 0.37 [0.25–0.54] | <0.01 |
| BI | ||||
| 0–24 | Reference | Reference | ||
| 25–59 | 0.92 [0.63–1.34] | 0.66 | 0.81 [0.60–1.10] | 0.18 |
| 60–84 | 0.88 [0.59–1.33] | 0.56 | 0.68 [0.48–0.97] | 0.03 |
| ≥85 | 0.86 [0.54–1.39] | 0.54 | 0.69 [0.47–1.03] | 0.07 |
| Pressure ulcer treatment (recipient/non-recipient = 1/0) | 1.19 [0.65–2.18] | 0.58 | 1.00 [0.58–1.73] | 0.996 |
| Oxygen therapy (recipient/non-recipient = 1/0) | 2.08 [1.31–3.30] | <0.01 | 2.49 [1.75–3.54] | <0.01 |
| CSDD | ||||
| 0 | Reference | Reference | ||
| 1–2 | 1.47 [1.05–2.05] | 0.03 | 1.31 [0.97–1.75] | 0.08 |
| 3–4 | 1.16 [0.80–1.70] | 0.43 | 1.09 [0.79–1.51] | 0.60 |
| ≥5 | 1.67 [1.19–2.34] | <0.01 | 1.71 [1.30–2.25] | <0.01 |
| MMSE-J | ||||
| 0–14 | Reference | Reference | ||
| 15–19 | 1.04 [0.71–1.52] | 0.84 | 1.05 [0.74–1.48] | 0.80 |
| 20–23 | 0.84 [0.57–1.24] | 0.39 | 0.89 [0.63–1.27] | 0.53 |
| ≥24 | 0.89 [0.60–1.31] | 0.55 | 0.90 [0.63–1.30] | 0.59 |
| Nursing home resident (yes/no = 1/0) | 0.49 [0.24–0.996] | 0.049 | 0.56 [0.29–1.06] | 0.08 |
| Public assistance (recipient/non-recipient = 1/0) | 0.65 [0.42–1.01] | 0.06 | 0.61 [0.41–0.90] | 0.01 |
| Full-time caregiver (present/not present = 1/0) | 1.01 [0.69–1.47] | 0.96 | 1.04 [0.75–1.46] | 0.80 |
| Living alone (yes/no = 1/0) | 1.15 [0.76–1.73] | 0.51 | 1.25 [0.87–1.79] | 0.23 |
The complete case analyses column shows the results of the analyses using listwise deletion (i.e. cases with missing values on one or more variables were excluded from the analysis). All the mean variance inflation factors (28) of the independent variables after multiple imputation were below 4.0 (range 1.07–2.76), so multicollinearity was considered unlikely. HR, hazard ratio.