Table 1.

Immunomodulatory therapy associated with neutrophils.

Mechanism	Exemplar	Reference
Suppressing the generation or release of NETs and accelerating cleanup	PAD4 inhibitors and Externalized histone H4	(126, 134)
	DNase I digesting NETs	(156)
	Blocking ccl5-cxcl4 heterologous substance or blocking platelet neutrophil communication by P-selectin	(157)
Inducing differentiation direction of neutrophils	Activation of RXR PPARγ promotes neutrophil polarization to N2 phenotype	(40, 158)
Promoting vascular repairing	Silencing STING or an IFNAR antibody promotes angiogenesis and vascular repair	(59)
Inhibiting chemotactic factor	Annexin A1 and growth differentiation factor 15 antagonized chemokine-induced β2 integrin activation, thereby inhibiting neutrophil aggregation in chronic inflammation	(155)
Inhibition of blood brain barrier damage	CEACAM1 controls the secretion of matrix metalloproteinase-9 by neutrophils in inflammatory sites after brain-deficient stroke, thereby protecting the function of BBB and improving the outcome after stroke.	(159)