Table 3.
Baseline population characteristics and primary outcome results
| ELIXA [22] | LEADER [24] | SUSTAIN-6 [25] | EXSCEL [27, 28] | Harmony Outcomes [30] | PIONEER 6 [32] | REWIND [34] | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | 6068 | 9340 | 3297 | 14,752 | 9463 | 3183 | 9901 |
| Female | 30.7% | 35.7% | 39.3% | 38.0% | 30.6% | 31.6% | 46.3% |
| Age (mean) | 60.3 years | 64.2 years | 64.6 years | 62.7 years | 62.7 years | 66.1 years | 66.2 years |
| HbA1c (mean) | 7.7% | 8.7% | 8.7% | 8.0% | 8.7% | 8.2% | 7.2% |
| Diabetes duration | 9.3 years | 12.8 years | 13.9 years | 12.0 years | 13.8 years | 14.9 years | 9.5 years |
|
eCVD (according to each study’s definition) |
100% (ACS) | 81.3% | 83.0% | 73.1% | 100% | 84.6% | 31.5% |
| HF (NYHA I-III) | 17.8% | 23.6% | 16.2% | 20.2% | 8.6% | ||
| CKD (eGFR < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2) | 23.2% | 24.7% | 28.5% | 18.6% | 22.6% | 26.9% | 22.2% |
| Follow-up (median) | 2.1 years | 3.8 years | 2.1 years | 3.2 years | 1.5 years | 1.3 years | 5.4 years |
CKD chronic kidney disease, eCVD established cardiovascular disease, eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate, HbA1c haemoglobin A1c (glycated haemoglobin), HF heart failure, NYHA New York Heart Association classification