Fig. 2.

Autophagic response and the alteration of autophagy-related proteins in cisplatin-treated human lung cancer cells. a Expression level of the autophagic markers, LC3-II/LC3-I and p62, in H460 cells after culture with 50 µM cisplatin for 0–12 h, as evaluated by western blot analysis. b Densitometry analysis indicated that cisplatin up-regulated LC3-II/LC3-I and diminished p62 in a time-dependent manner. c Formation of autophagosomes and acidic autolysosomes were observed via the green fluorescence of monodansylcadaverine (MDC) and red fluorescence of acridine orange, respectively, after cisplatin treatment (50 µM). Notably, staining with acridine orange indicates green fluorescence of cytoplasm and nucleolus while bright red/orange-red fluorescence of acridine orange represents acidic compartment. d Overexpression of Atg3 and Atg7 in lung cancer H460 cells after 12 h of cisplatin (50 µM) treatment, as revealed by western blot analysis, without (e) any significant alteration in Atg5, Atg12, and Beclin-1 expression levels after 0–12 h. Data are shown as the mean ± SD (n = 3). *p < 0.05 versus untreated control cells