Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of five groups
| TyG-BMI quintile | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Q1(97.48–147.69) | Q2(147.72–164.94) | Q3(164.95–182.05) | Q4(182.07–205.33) | Q5(205.34–421.32) | P-value | |
| No. of participants | 2850 | 2850 | 2851 | 2849 | 2851 | |
| Age (years) | 40.18 (8.39) | 42.98 (8.70) | 44.39 (8.93)* | 45.35 (8.97)* | 44.77 (8.50) | < 0.001 |
| Weight (kg) | 48.32 (5.59) | 54.08 (6.16) | 59.33 (6.80) | 65.00 (7.04) | 74.57 (10.04) | < 0.001 |
| Height (cm) | 161.50 (7.36) | 163.06 (8.31) | 164.94 (8.62) | 166.74 (8.33) | 167.74 (8.16) | < 0.001 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 18.49 (1.30) | 20.29 (1.11) | 21.75 (1.14) | 23.34 (1.26) | 26.45 (2.56) | < 0.001 |
| WC (cm) | 66.42 (4.84) | 71.14 (4.99) | 75.57 (5.11) | 80.26 (5.01) | 87.54 (6.92) | < 0.001 |
| Sex (male) | 538 (18.88%) | 1046 (36.70%) | 1548 (54.30%) | 2034 (71.39%) | 2245 (78.74%) | < 0.001 |
| NAFLD | 11 (0.39%) | 56 (1.96%) | 198 (6.94%) | 612 (21.48%) | 1630 (57.17%) | < 0.001 |
| Habit of exercise | 438 (15.37%) | 548 (19.23%) | 547 (19.19%) | 497 (17.44%) | 440 (15.43%) | < 0.001 |
| ALT (IU/L) | 13 (11–17) | 14 (11–18) | 16 (12–20) | 19 (15–25) | 25 (18–35) | < 0.001 |
| AST (IU/L) | 16 (13–19)** | 16 (13–19) | 16 (14–20) | 18 (14–21) | 20.00 (16–25) | < 0.001 |
| GGT (IU/L) | 12 (10–14) | 13 (10–16) | 14.00 (11–19) | 17.00 (13–24) | 22.00 (16–33) | < 0.001 |
| HDL-C (mmol/L) | 1.73 (0.39) | 1.62 (0.38) | 1.48 (0.36) | 1.32 (0.31) | 1.15 (0.27) | < 0.001 |
| TC (mmol/L) | 4.73 (0.78) | 4.99 (0.81) | 5.11 (0.86) | 5.28 (0.82) | 5.50 (0.88) | < 0.001 |
| TG (mmol/L) | 0.41 (0.30–0.53) | 0.56 (0.44–0.73) | 0.71 (0.55–0.93) | 0.95 (0.72–1.24) | 1.42 (1.03–1.94) | < 0.001 |
| FPG (mmol/L) | 4.88 (0.37) | 5.03 (0.38) | 5.16 (0.38) | 5.27 (0.36) | 5.40 (0.36) | < 0.001 |
| TyG | 7.33 (0.45) | 7.73 (0.39) | 7.98 (0.40) | 8.29 (0.41) | 8.72 (0.49) | < 0.001 |
| HbA1c (%) | 5.10 (4.90–5.35) | 5.10 (4.91–5.40)*** | 5.10 (4.90–5.40) | 5.20 (5.00–5.40) | 5.20 (5.00–5.50) | < 0.001 |
| SBP (mmHg) | 104.98 (12.14) | 108.99 (12.62) | 113.40 (12.96) | 117.90 (13.62) | 124.40 (14.44) | < 0.001 |
| DBP (mmHg) | 64.91 (8.30) | 67.66 (9.06) | 70.55 (9.22) | 74.01 (9.56) | 78.48 (9.93) | < 0.001 |
| Drinking status | < 0.001 | |||||
| Non or small | 2606 (91.44%) | 2451 (86.00%) | 2305 (80.85%) | 2197 (77.11%) | 2246 (78.78%) | |
| Light | 209 (7.33%) | 307 (10.77%) | 406 (14.24%) | 434 (15.23%) | 402 (14.10%) | |
| Moderate | 35 (1.23%) | 92 (3.23%) | 140 (4.91%) | 218 (7.65%) | 203 (7.12%) | |
| Smoking status | < 0.001 | |||||
| Non | 2299 (80.67%) | 2018 (70.81%) | 1732 (60.75%) | 1387 (48.68%) | 1310 (45.95%) | |
| Former | 246 (8.63%) | 406 (14.25%) | 529 (18.55%) | 690 (24.22%) | 688 (24.13%) | |
| Current | 305 (10.70%) | 426 (14.95%) | 590 (20.69%) | 772 (27.10%) | 853 (29.92%) | |
Values were expressed as mean (SD) or medians (quartile interval) or n (%). Abbreviations: NAFLD: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease; BMI body mass index; TyG the triglyceride-glucose index; TyG-BMI triglyceride glucose-body mass index; WC Waist circumference; ALT alanine aminotransferase; AST aspartate aminotransferase; GGT gamma-glutamyl transferase; HDL-C high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; TC total cholesterol; TG triglyceride; HbA1c hemoglobin A1c; FPG fasting plasma glucose; SBP systolic blood pressure; DBP Diastolic blood pressure. *P > 0.05 vs Q5. **P > 0.05 vs Q2. ***P > 0.05 vs Q1, Q3. Other variables with no special mark on the upper right corner had P values < 0.05 after pair-wise comparison