Table 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of the CAPTURE study sample overall and stratified by CVD status
| Characteristic | Overall N = 9823 |
By CVD status | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CVD n = 3582 |
Non-CVD n = 6241 |
|||||
| n | Data | n | Data | n | Data | |
| Female, n (%) | 9823 | 4465 (45.5) | 3582 | 1388 (38.7) | 6241 | 3077 (49.3) |
| Age, years, median [IQR] | 9823 | 64.0 [56.0–71.0] | 3582 | 68.0 [61.0–75.0] | 6241 | 62.0 [54.0–69.0] |
| Race, n (%) | 9822 | 3581 | 6241 | |||
| White | 6487 (66.0) | 2558 (71.4) | 3929 (63.0) | |||
| Asian | 2133 (21.7) | 718 (20.1) | 1415 (22.7) | |||
| Black or African American | 158 (1.6) | 66 (1.8) | 92 (1.5) | |||
| Other | 1044 (10.6) | 239 (6.7) | 805 (12.9) | |||
| Diabetes duration, years, median [IQR] | 9811 | 10.7 [5.6–17.9] | 3577 | 13.0 [7.2–20.0] | 6234 | 9.8 [4.8–15.9] |
| HbA1c, %, median [IQR] | 9104 | 7.30 [6.60–8.40] | 3289 | 7.40 [6.60–8.50] | 5815 | 7.30 [6.50–8.30] |
| HbA1c, mmol/mol, median [IQR] | 9104 | 56 [49–68] | 3289 | 57 [49–69] | 5815 | 56 [48–67] |
| FPG, mmol/L, median [IQR] | 8204 | 7.60 [6.30–9.38] | 2924 | 7.60 [6.21–9.43] | 5280 | 7.60 [6.33–9.32] |
| Body weight, kg, median [IQR] | 9742 | 79.3 [68.7–92.0] | 3550 | 79.8 [69.0–92.0] | 6192 | 79.0 [68.3–92.0] |
| BMI, kg/m2, median [IQR] | 9611 | 29.0 [25.8–33.1] | 3514 | 28.9 [25.7–33.1] | 6097 | 29.1 [25.8–33.1] |
| Systolic blood pressure, mmHg, median [IQR] | 9618 | 130.0 [120.0–140.0] | 3531 | 130.0 [120.0–142.0] | 6087 | 130.0 [120.0–140.0] |
| Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg, median [IQR] | 9616 | 78.0 [70.0–82.0] | 3529 | 76.0 [70.0–81.0] | 6087 | 80.0 [70.0–83.0] |
| Total cholesterol, mmol/L, median [IQR] | 8272 | 4.34 [3.68–5.14] | 3001 | 4.05 [3.39–4.82] | 5271 | 4.51 [3.83–5.26] |
| LDL cholesterol, mmol/L, median [IQR] | 8090 | 2.39 [1.81–3.08] | 2924 | 2.12 [1.62–2.77] | 5166 | 2.54 [1.98–3.19] |
| HDL cholesterol, mmol/L, median [IQR] | 7965 | 1.15 [0.98–1.40] | 2907 | 1.11 [0.93–1.32] | 5058 | 1.18 [0.99–1.42] |
| Triglyceride, mmol/L, median [IQR] | 8466 | 1.60 [1.13–2.27] | 3082 | 1.61 [1.14–2.30] | 5384 | 1.59 [1.13–2.25] |
| eGFR, mL/min/1.73 m2, n (%) | 7923 | 2888 | 5035 | |||
| > 89 | 2746 (34.7) | 707 (24.5) | 2039 (40.5) | |||
| > 59–89 | 3512 (44.3) | 1293 (44.8) | 2219 (44.1) | |||
| > 29–59 | 1450 (18.3) | 757 (26.2) | 693 (13.8) | |||
| ≤ 29 | 215 (2.7) | 131 (4.5) | 84 (1.7) | |||
| Albuminuriaa, n (%) | 6482 | 2433 | 4049 | |||
| Normal–mildly increased | 4338 (66.9) | 1396 (57.4) | 2942 (72.7) | |||
| Microalbuminuria | 1607 (24.8) | 774 (31.8) | 833 (20.6) | |||
| Macroalbuminuria | 537 (8.3) | 263 (10.8) | 274 (6.8) | |||
| Medical history of hypertension, yes, n (%) | 9643 | 6756 (70.1) | 3522 | 2918 (82.9) | 6121 | 3838 (62.7) |
| Familial hypercholesterolemia, yes, n (%) | 6634 | 676 (10.2) | 2342 | 246 (10.5) | 4292 | 430 (10.0) |
| Retinopathy, n (%) | 9818 | 3578 | 6240 | |||
| Yes | 1455 (14.8) | 725 (20.3) | 730 (11.7) | |||
| Yes (referred by participant) | 399 (4.1) | 144 (4.0) | 255 (4.1) | |||
| No | 7964 (81.1) | 2709 (75.7) | 5255 (84.2) | |||
| Nephropathy, n (%) | 9818 | 3579 | 6239 | |||
| Yes | 1771 (18.0) | 917 (25.6) | 854 (13.7) | |||
| Yes (referred by participant) | 337 (3.4) | 128 (3.6) | 209 (3.3) | |||
| No | 7710 (78.5) | 2534 (70.8) | 5176 (83.0) | |||
| Neuropathy, n (%) | 9817 | 3577 | 6240 | |||
| Yes | 1774 (18.1) | 867 (24.2) | 907 (14.5) | |||
| Yes (referred by participant) | 459 (4.7) | 168 (4.7) | 291 (4.7) | |||
| No | 7584 (77.3) | 2542 (71.1) | 5042 (80.8) | |||
| Smoking status, n (%) | 9725 | 3547 | 6178 | |||
| Current | 1322 (13.6) | 465 (13.1) | 857 (13.9) | |||
| Previous | 2613 (26.9) | 1268 (35.7) | 1345 (21.8) | |||
| Never | 5790 (59.5) | 1814 (51.1) | 3976 (64.4) | |||
| Duration of smokingb, years, median [IQR] | 3733 | 28.0 [15.0–39.0] | 1646 | 30.0 [20.0–40.0] | 2087 | 25.0 [15.0–35.0] |
| Physical activityc, days per week, n (%) | 7492 | 2763 | 4729 | |||
| 0–1 | 3599 (48.0) | 1515 (54.8) | 2084 (44.1) | |||
| 2–3 | 1613 (21.5) | 497 (18.0) | 1116 (23.6) | |||
| 4–5 | 883 (11.8) | 264 (9.6) | 619 (13.1) | |||
| 6–7 | 1397 (18.6) | 487 (17.6) | 910 (19.2) | |||
To convert the values for glucose to mg/dL, divide by 0.0555. To convert the values for cholesterol to mg/dL, divide by 0.0259. To convert the values for triglycerides to mg/dL, divide by 0.0113. Data that were missing from the medical record but verbally confirmed by a participant were coded as ‘referred by participant’. Data were not weighted
aDefined as: normal–mildly increased, urinary excretion < 30 mg/24 h or UACR < 30 mg/g; microalbuminuria, urinary excretion 30–299 mg/24 h or UACR 30–299 mg/g; macroalbuminuria, urinary excretion ≥ 300 mg/24 h or UACR ≥ 300 mg/g
bOnly applies to participants categorized as current or previous smokers
cDays with ≥ 30 min of moderate activity
BMI body mass index, CVD cardiovascular disease, eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate, FPG fasting plasma glucose, HbA1c glycated hemoglobin, HDL high-density lipoprotein, IQR interquartile range, LDL low-density lipoprotein, UACR urinary albumin to creatinine ratio